Strategies to design biostable polyurethanes are briefly reviewed to understand the effect of the polyurethane chemical structure on mechanical properties and resistance to degradation based on reported in vitro and in vivo data. In vitro test methods developed to simulate the biological environment and their suitability to screen new materials for oxidative stability are discussed. Major part of the review is devoted to the family of siloxane-based polyurethanes since materials from this family have advanced to clinical application with demonstrated long-term biostability in cardiovascular devices. The morphology and surface properties of siloxanepolyurethanes are also discussed along with a brief overview of reported studies to evaluate comparative stability of polyurethanes formulated using different strategies.

根据体外和体内报道，简要回顾了设计生物稳定聚氨酯的策略，以了解聚氨酯化学结构对机械性能和抗降解性的影响数据。讨论了为模拟生物环境而开发的体外测试方法，以及它们对于筛选新材料的氧化稳定性的适用性。审查的主要内容是硅氧烷基聚氨酯家族，因为该家族的材料已发展到临床应用，并在心血管器械中具有长期的生物稳定性。还讨论了硅氧烷聚氨酯的形态和表面性能，并简要概述了已报道的研究的概况，以评估使用不同策略配制的聚氨酯的相对稳定性。