The cell-based tissue engineering strategies have gained attention in restoring normal tissue function after skeletal muscle injuries; however, these approaches require a donor tissue biopsy and extensive cell expansion process prior to implantation. In order to avoid this limitation, we developed a novel cell-free muscle-specific scaffolding system that consisted of a skeletal muscle-derived decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) and a myogenic factor, insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Rheological, morphological, and biological properties of this muscle-specific scaffold (IGF-1/dECM) as well as collagen and dECM scaffolds were examined. The cell viability in all scaffolds had over 90% at 1, 3, and 7 days in culture. The cell proliferation in the IGF-1/dECM was significantly increased when compared with other groups. More importantly, the IGF-1/dECM strongly supported the myogenic differentiation in the scaffold as confirmed by myosin heavy chain (MHC) immunofluorescence. We also investigated the feasibility in a rabbit tibialis anterior (TA) muscle defect model. The IGF-1/dECM had a significantly greater number of myofibers when compared to both collagen and dECM groups at 1 and 2 months after implantation. We demonstrated that this novel muscle-specific scaffolding system could effectively promote the muscle tissue regeneration in situ.

中文翻译：

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一种用于原位肌肉再生的新型脱细胞骨骼肌衍生 ECM 支架系统

基于细胞的组织工程策略在骨骼肌损伤后恢复正常组织功能方面受到关注；然而，这些方法需要在植入前进行供体组织活检和广泛的细胞扩增过程。为了避免这种限制，我们开发了一种新的无细胞肌肉特异性支架系统，该系统由骨骼肌衍生的脱细胞细胞外基质 (dECM) 和生肌因子胰岛素生长因子-1 (IGF-1) 组成。检查了这种肌肉特异性支架 (IGF-1/dECM) 以及胶原蛋白和 dECM 支架的流变学、形态学和生物学特性。在培养 1、3 和 7 天时，所有支架中的细胞活力均超过 90%。与其他组相比，IGF-1/dECM 中的细胞增殖显着增加。更重要的是，肌球蛋白重链 (MHC) 免疫荧光证实 IGF-1/dECM 强烈支持支架中的肌源性分化。我们还研究了兔胫骨前 (TA) 肌肉缺损模型的可行性。在植入后 1 个月和 2 个月时，与胶原蛋白和 dECM 组相比，IGF-1/dECM 的肌纤维数量显着增加。我们证明了这种新型的肌肉特异性支架系统可以有效地促进肌肉组织原位再生。在植入后 1 个月和 2 个月时，与胶原蛋白和 dECM 组相比，IGF-1/dECM 的肌纤维数量显着增加。我们证明了这种新型的肌肉特异性支架系统可以有效地促进肌肉组织原位再生。在植入后 1 个月和 2 个月时，与胶原蛋白和 dECM 组相比，IGF-1/dECM 的肌纤维数量显着增加。我们证明了这种新型的肌肉特异性支架系统可以有效地促进肌肉组织原位再生。