The causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), Mycobacterium tuberculosis and more recently totally drug‐resistant strains of M. tuberculosis, display unique mechanisms to survive in the host. A four‐drug treatment regimen was introduced 40 years ago but the emergence of multidrug‐resistance and more recently TDR necessitates the identification of new targets and drugs for the cure of M. tuberculosis infection. The current efforts in the drug development process are insufficient to completely eradicate the TB epidemic. For almost five decades the TB drug development process remained stagnant. The last 10 years have made sudden progress giving some new and highly promising drugs including bedaquiline, delamanid, and pretomanid. Many of the candidates are repurposed compounds, which were developed to treat other infections but later, exhibited anti‐TB properties also. Each class of drug has a specific target and a definite mode of action. These targets are either involved in cell wall biosynthesis, protein synthesis, DNA/RNA synthesis, or metabolism. This review discusses recent progress in the discovery of newly developed and Food and Drug Administration approved drugs as well as repurposed drugs, their targets, mode of action, drug‐target interactions, and their structure‐activity relationship.

中文翻译：

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新抗结核药物，候选药物及其靶标的概述。

肺结核（TB），的病原体结核分枝杆菌和最近的完全耐药菌株的结核分枝杆菌，显示独特的机制在宿主中生存。40年前引入了四药治疗方案，但多药耐药性和最近的TDR的出现使得必须确定治疗结核分枝杆菌的新靶标和药物感染。目前在药物开发过程中的努力不足以完全根除结核病。在将近五年的时间里，结核病药物的开发过程一直停滞不前。在过去的10年中，突如其来的进展产生了一些新的，很有前途的药物，包括苯达喹啉，地拉曼尼和前驱体。许多候选药物都是经过重新设计的化合物，这些化合物被开发用于治疗其他感染，但后来也表现出抗结核病的特性。每种药物都有特定的目标和明确的作用方式。这些靶标要么参与细胞壁生物合成，蛋白质合成，DNA / RNA合成，要么参与新陈代谢。这篇评论讨论了最近发现的新进展以及发现的新进展以及食品和药物管理局批准的药物以及重新用途的药物，它们的目标，作用方式，