Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from existing blood vessels, is a complex and highly regulated process that plays a role in a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes. In malignancy, angiogenesis is essential for neoplastic cells to acquire the nutrients and oxygen critical for their continued proliferation. Angiogenesis requires a sequence of well-coordinated events mediated by a number of tightly regulated interactions between pro-angiogenic factors and their corresponding receptors expressed on various vascular components (e.g., endothelial cells and pericytes) and stromal components forming the extracellular matrix. In this review, we discuss the functional roles of key growth factors and cytokines known to promote angiogenesis in cutaneous melanoma and key factors implicated in the extracellular matrix remodeling that acts synergistically with angiogenesis to promote tumor progression in melanoma, incorporating some of the most up-to-date basic science knowledge from recently published in vivo and in vitro experimental studies.

血管生成是由现有血管形成的新血管，是一个复杂且受高度管制的过程，在多种生理和病理学过程中发挥着作用。在恶性肿瘤中，血管生成对于肿瘤细胞获取对其持续增殖至关重要的营养物质和氧气至关重要。血管生成需要由促血管生成因子及其在各种血管成分（例如，内皮细胞和周细胞）和形成细胞外基质的基质成分表达的相应受体之间的许多紧密调节的相互作用介导的一系列协调良好的事件。在这篇评论中，体内和体外实验研究。