Materials for Immunotherapy,Advanced Materials

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Materials for Immunotherapy
Advanced Materials ( IF 27.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-06-28 , DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901633
C. Wyatt Shields _{1,

2} , Lily Li‐Wen Wang _{1,

2,

3} , Michael A. Evans _{1,

2} , Samir Mitragotri _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Breakthroughs in materials engineering have accelerated the progress of immunotherapy in preclinical studies. The interplay of chemistry and materials has resulted in improved loading, targeting, and release of immunomodulatory agents. An overview of the materials that are used to enable or improve the success of immunotherapies in preclinical studies is presented, from immunosuppressive to proinflammatory strategies, with particular emphasis on technologies poised for clinical translation. The materials are organized based on their characteristic length scale, whereby the enabling feature of each technology is organized by the structure of that material. For example, the mechanisms by which i) nanoscale materials can improve targeting and infiltration of immunomodulatory payloads into tissues and cells, ii) microscale materials can facilitate cell‐mediated transport and serve as artificial antigen‐presenting cells, and iii) macroscale materials can form the basis of artificial microenvironments to promote cell infiltration and reprogramming are discussed. As a step toward establishing a set of design rules for future immunotherapies, materials that intrinsically activate or suppress the immune system are reviewed. Finally, a brief outlook on the trajectory of these systems and how they may be improved to address unsolved challenges in cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmunity is presented.

中文翻译：

免疫疗法的材料

材料工程学的突破加速了临床前研究中免疫治疗的进展。化学和材料的相互作用导致免疫调节剂的负载，靶向和释放得到改善。从免疫抑制策略到促炎策略，对临床前研究中用于使免疫疗法成功或取得成功的材料进行了概述，其中特别强调了准备用于临床翻译的技术。根据材料的特征长度尺度对材料进行组织，从而通过该材料的结构来组织每种技术的使能特征。例如，i）纳米级材料可以改善免疫调节有效载荷对组织和细胞的靶向性和渗透性，ii）微观材料可以促进细胞介导的运输并充当人工抗原呈递细胞，iii）宏观材料可以构成人工微环境的基础，以促进细胞浸润和重编程。作为建立一套针对未来免疫疗法的设计规则的步骤，对本质上激活或抑制免疫系统的材料进行了综述。最后，简要介绍了这些系统的运行轨迹，以及如何改进它们以应对癌症，传染病和自身免疫方面尚未解决的挑战。作为建立一套针对未来免疫疗法的设计规则的步骤，对本质上激活或抑制免疫系统的材料进行了综述。最后，简要介绍了这些系统的运行轨迹，以及如何改进它们以应对癌症，传染病和自身免疫方面尚未解决的挑战。作为建立一套针对未来免疫疗法的设计规则的步骤，对本质上激活或抑制免疫系统的材料进行了综述。最后，简要介绍了这些系统的运行轨迹，以及如何改进它们以应对癌症，传染病和自身免疫方面尚未解决的挑战。

更新日期：2020-04-01

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