5-HT3 receptor antagonists, first introduced to the market in the mid-1980s, are proven efficient agents to counteract chemotherapy-induced emesis. Nonetheless, recent investigations have shed light on unappreciated dimensions of this class of compounds in conditions with an immunoinflammatory component as well as in neurologic and psychiatric disorders. The promising findings from multiple studies have unveiled several beneficial effects of these compounds in multiple sclerosis, stroke, Alzheimer disease, and Parkinson disease. Reports continue to uncover important roles for 5-HT3 receptors in the physiopathology of neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety, drug abuse, and schizophrenia. This review addresses the potential of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists in neurology- and neuropsychiatry-related disorders. The broad therapeutic window and high compliance observed with these agents position them as suitable prototypes for the development of novel pharmacotherapeutics with higher efficacy and fewer adverse effects.

中文翻译：

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5-HT3受体拮抗剂在神经系统疾病和神经精神疾病中的作用：冰山仍然位于表面之下。

5-HT3受体拮抗剂是在1980年代中期首次投放市场的，已被证明可有效抵抗化学疗法引起的呕吐。然而，最近的研究揭示了在具有免疫炎性成分以及神经系统疾病和精神疾病的情况下这类化合物的未知尺寸。来自多项研究的有希望的发现揭示了这些化合物在多发性硬化症，中风，阿尔茨海默氏病和帕金森氏病中的几种有益作用。报道继续发现5-HT 3受体在神经精神疾病的生理病理学中的重要作用，包括抑郁症，焦虑症，药物滥用和精神分裂症。这项审查解决了5-HT3受体拮抗剂在神经病学和神经精神病学相关疾病中的潜力。