Membrane proteins that exist in lipid bilayers are not isolated molecular entities. The lipid molecules that surround them play crucial roles in maintaining their full structural and functional integrity. Research directed at investigating these critical lipid-protein interactions is developing rapidly. Advancements in both instrumentation and software, as well as in key biophysical and biochemical techniques, are accelerating the field. In this review, we provide a brief outline of structural techniques used to probe protein-lipid interactions and focus on the molecular aspects of these interactions obtained from native mass spectrometry (native MS). We highlight examples in which lipids have been shown to modulate membrane protein structure and show how native MS has emerged as a complementary technique to X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy. We conclude with a short perspective on future developments that aim to better understand protein-lipid interactions in the native environment.

中文翻译：

---

使用质谱探测的膜蛋白脂质相互作用。

脂质双层中存在的膜蛋白不是分离的分子实体。围绕它们的脂质分子在维持其完整的结构和功能完整性方面起着至关重要的作用。旨在研究这些关键的脂蛋白相互作用的研究正在迅速发展。仪器和软件以及关键的生物物理和生化技术的进步正在加速这一领域。在这篇综述中，我们提供了用于探测蛋白质-脂质相互作用的结构技术的简要概述，并着重于从天然质谱（天然质谱）获得的这些相互作用的分子方面。我们重点介绍了脂质已显示出调节膜蛋白结构的实例，并展示了天然MS如何作为X射线晶体学和低温电子显微镜的一种补充技术而出现。我们以对未来发展的简短展望作为结束，这些发展旨在更好地了解原生环境中的蛋白质-脂质相互作用。