While traditional approaches for disease management in the era of modern medicine have saved countless lives and enhanced patient well-being, it is clear that there is significant room to improve upon the current status quo. For infectious diseases, the steady rise of antibiotic resistance has resulted in super pathogens that do not respond to most approved drugs. In the field of cancer treatment, the idea of a cure-all silver bullet has long been abandoned. As a result of the challenges facing current treatment and prevention paradigms in the clinic, there is an increasing push for personalized therapeutics, where plans for medical care are established on a patient-by-patient basis. Along these lines, vaccines, both against bacteria and tumors, are a clinical modality that could benefit significantly from personalization. Effective vaccination strategies could help to address many challenging disease conditions, but current vaccines are limited by factors such as a lack of potency and antigenic breadth. Recently, researchers have turned toward the use of biomimetic nanotechnology as a means of addressing these hurdles. Recent progress in the development of biomimetic nanovaccines for antibacterial and anticancer applications is discussed, with an emphasis on their potential for personalized medicine.

中文翻译：

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针对个性化疫苗的仿生纳米技术。

尽管现代医学时代的传统疾病管理方法挽救了无数生命，并改善了患者的福祉，但显然，在当前现状上仍有很大的改善空间。对于传染病，抗生素耐药性的持续上升导致超级病原体对大多数批准的药物没有反应。在癌症治疗领域，万能药的想法早就被抛弃了。由于临床上当前的治疗和预防范例所面临的挑战，对个性化治疗方法的需求日益增加，在这种治疗方法中，逐个患者制定医疗计划。沿着这些思路，针对细菌和肿瘤的疫苗是一种可以从个性化中大大受益的临床方法。有效的疫苗接种策略可以帮助应对许多具有挑战性的疾病，但是当前的疫苗受到诸如缺乏效力和抗原性广度等因素的限制。最近，研究人员已转向使用仿生纳米技术作为解决这些障碍的方法。讨论了用于抗菌和抗癌应用的仿生纳米疫苗开发的最新进展，重点是它们在个性化医学方面的潜力。