The past several decades have witnessed the rapid development of dendronized polymers (DPs) and the transformation of the research field into a new area at the interfaces of organic chemistry, polymer synthesis and materials science. The syntheses of DPs have been thoroughly exploited using both covalent dendron linking to polymer chains and supramolecular assemblies, and their scope and limitations have been scrutinized. Focus on DPs has varied from the initial synthesis to the preparation of fascinating structures and nanomaterials towards targeted applications. This review summarizes the progress in the synthesis and application of DPs in the last decade. The synthetic methods encompass not only the traditional strategies including the convergent “graft-to” method, the divergent “graft-from” method, and the macromonomer method, but also the emerging supramolecular “attach-to” method. Modern living- and controlled-polymerization techniques and other efficient methods have been demonstrated to create available opportunities to prepare a variety of functionalized DPs, leading to applications including self-assembly, biomedicine, stimuli-responsive materials, catalysis, and optoelectronic devices.

在过去的几十年中，树突状聚合物（DPs）迅速发展，并且研究领域已转变为有机化学，聚合物合成和材料科学之间的一个新领域。DPs的合成已通过共价树突连接到聚合物链和超分子组装而得到了充分利用，并且对其范围和局限性进行了仔细研究。从最初的合成到引人入胜的结构和纳米材料的制备，一直以来，对DP的关注已朝着目标应用的方向发展。这篇综述总结了近十年来DP的合成和应用方面的进展。合成方法不仅涵盖传统策略，包括收敛的“嫁接”方法，分歧的“嫁接自”方法和大分子单体方法，而且还有新兴的超分子“附着”方法。事实证明，现代的活性和受控聚合技术以及其他有效方法为制备各种功能化的DP提供了可用的机会，从而导致了包括自组装，生物医学，刺激反应性材料，催化和光电装置在内的应用。