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CD8+ PD-1+ T-cells and PD-L1+ circulating tumor cells in chemotherapy-naïve non-small cell lung cancer: towards their clinical relevance?
Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-06-12 , DOI: 10.1177/1758835919853193
Athanasios Kotsakis 1 , Galatea Kallergi 2 , Despoina Aggouraki 3 , Zaharoula Lyristi 2 , Filippos Koinis 4 , Eleni Lagoudaki 3 , Anastasios Koutsopoulos 3 , Vassilis Georgoulias 2 , Eleni-Kyriaki Vetsika 5
Affiliation  

The immune system exerts a protective role against cancer, mainly via the capacity of the CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes to recognize and kill cancer cells.1 However, cancer cells often develop mechanisms to escape the immune surveillance leading, thus, to the development of metastases.2 One of the escape mechanisms is the activation of the programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) receptor, an inhibitory immune checkpoint, mostly expressed on the surface of T-cells. The engagement between the PD-1 receptor and its ligands, PD-L1 or PD-L2,3 results in the suppression of effector cell function via the induction of anergy, apoptosis, inhibition of their proliferation and secretion of inflammatory cytokines such as interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-2.4 PD-1 and PD-L1 are typically expressed on both activated and exhausted immune cells (ICs) and are upregulated under the influence of IFN-γ.5

中文翻译:

未接受化疗的非小细胞肺癌中的 CD8+ PD-1+ T 细胞和 PD-L1+ 循环肿瘤细胞:它们的临床相关性?

免疫系统对癌症发挥保护作用,主要是通过CD8 +细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞识别和杀死癌细胞的能力。1然而,癌细胞通常会发展出逃避免疫监视的机制,从而导致转移的发展。2逃逸机制之一是激活程序性细胞死亡-1 (PD-1) 受体,这是一种抑制性免疫检查点,主要在 T 细胞表面表达。PD-1 受体与其配体 PD-L1 或 PD-L2, 3之间的结合导致通过以下途径抑制效应细胞功能诱导无反应性、细胞凋亡、抑制其增殖和炎性细胞因子如干扰素 γ (IFN-γ)、白细胞介素 (IL)-4 和 IL-2 的分泌。4 PD-1 和 PD-L1 通常在激活和耗尽的免疫细胞 (IC) 上表达,并在 IFN-γ 的影响下上调。5
更新日期:2019-06-12
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