Schizotypal disorder is characterized by odd behavior and attenuated forms of schizophrenic features without the manifestation of overt and sustained psychoses. Past studies suggest that schizotypal disorder shares biological and psychological commonalties with schizophrenia. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have demonstrated both common and distinct regional gray matter changes between schizophrenia and schizotypal disorder. However, no study has compared cortical thickness, which is thought to be a specific indicator of cortical atrophy, between schizophrenia and schizotypal disorder. The subjects consisted of 102 schizophrenia and 46 schizotypal disorder patients who met the International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition criteria and 79 gender- and age-matched healthy controls. Each participant underwent a T1-weighted 3-D MRI scan using a 1.5-Tesla scanner. Cortical thickness was estimated using FreeSurfer. Consistent with previous studies, schizophrenia patients exhibited wide-spread cortical thinning predominantly in the frontal and temporal regions as compared with healthy subjects. Patients with schizotypal disorder had a significantly reduced cortical thickness in the left fusiform and parahippocampal gyri, right medial superior frontal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, and right medial orbitofrontal cortex as compared with healthy controls. Schizophrenia patients had thinner cortices in the left precentral and paracentral gyri than those with schizotypal disorder. Common cortical thinning patterns observed in schizophrenia and schizotypal disorder patients may be associated with vulnerability to psychosis. Our results also suggest that distinct cortical changes in schizophrenia and schizotypal disorder may be associated with the differences in the manifestation of clinical symptoms among these disorders.

中文翻译：

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精神分裂症和精神分裂症障碍的皮质厚度降低。

精神分裂症的特征是行为异常和精神分裂症特征的减弱形式，而没有明显和持续的精神病表现。过去的研究表明，精神分裂症与精神分裂症具有生物学和心理上的共同点。结构磁共振成像（MRI）研究表明，精神分裂症和精神分裂症患者之间常见且明显的区域灰质变化。然而，尚无研究比较精神分裂症和精神分裂症之间的皮质厚度，皮质厚度被认为是皮质萎缩的具体指标。受试者包括符合国际疾病分类，第10版标准的102位精神分裂症患者和46位精神分裂症患者以及79位性别和年龄相匹配的健康对照者。每位参与者都使用1.5-Tesla扫描仪进行了T1加权3-D MRI扫描。使用FreeSurfer估算皮层厚度。与先前的研究一致，精神分裂症患者与健康受试者相比，主要在额叶和颞部表现出广泛的皮层变薄。与健康对照相比，患有分裂型障碍的患者左梭形和海马旁回，右内侧上额回，右下额回和右眶额皮质的皮质厚度显着降低。精神分裂症患者左前中枢和中央近回的皮层比精神分裂症患者的皮层薄。在精神分裂症和精神分裂症患者中观察到的常见的皮质变薄模式可能与精神病的易感性有关。