Single-cell omics studies provide unique information regarding cellular heterogeneity at various levels of the molecular biology central dogma. This knowledge facilitates a deeper understanding of how underlying molecular and architectural changes alter cell behavior, development, and disease processes. The emerging microchip-based tools for single-cell omics analysis are enabling the evaluation of cellular omics with high throughput, improved sensitivity, and reduced cost. We review state-of-the-art microchip platforms for profiling genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and multi-omics at single-cell resolution. We also discuss the background of and challenges in the analysis of each molecular layer and integration of multiple levels of omics data, as well as how microchip-based methodologies benefit these fields. Additionally, we examine the advantages and limitations of these approaches. Looking forward, we describe additional challenges and future opportunities that will facilitate the improvement and broad adoption of single-cell omics in life science and medicine.

中文翻译：

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Microchip Technologies启用的单细胞组学分析。

单细胞组学研究提供了有关分子生物学中心教条各个层面上细胞异质性的独特信息。这些知识有助于更深入地了解潜在的分子和结构变化如何改变细胞行为，发育和疾病过程。用于单细胞组学分析的基于微芯片的新兴工具能够以高通量，更高的灵敏度和更低的成本对细胞组学进行评估。我们回顾了在单细胞分辨率下分析基因组学，表观基因组学，转录组学，蛋白质组学，代谢组学和多组学的最新微芯片平台。我们还将讨论每个分子层的分析和组学数据的多个级别的集成的背景和挑战，以及基于微芯片的方法如何使这些领域受益。此外，我们研究了这些方法的优点和局限性。展望未来，我们描述了将促进生命科学和医学中单细胞组学的改进和广泛采用的其他挑战和未来机遇。