The treatment of meniscus injuries has recently been facing a paradigm shift toward the field of tissue engineering, with the aim of regenerating damaged and diseased menisci as opposed to current treatment techniques. This review focuses on the structure and mechanics associated with the meniscus. The meniscus is defined in terms of its biological structure and composition. Biomechanics of the meniscus are discussed in detail, as an understanding of the mechanics is fundamental for the development of new meniscal treatment strategies. Key meniscal characteristics such as biological function, damage (tears), and disease are critically analyzed. The latest technologies behind meniscal repair and regeneration are assessed.

中文翻译：

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正常和骨关节炎组织中的半月板：面对结构特性挑战和当前的治疗趋势。

半月板损伤的治疗近来正朝着组织工程领域的范式转变，目的是与当前的治疗技术相反，再生受损和患病的半月板。这篇评论集中在与弯液面相关的结构和力学上。弯月面是根据其生物学结构和组成来定义的。详细讨论了半月板的生物力学，因为对力学的理解对于开发新的半月板治疗策略至关重要。关键的半月板特征，如生物学功能，损伤（眼泪）和疾病，都经过严格分析。对半月板修复和再生背后的最新技术进行了评估。