Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) represents the most effective means of therapeutically manipulating the gastrointestinal microbiome. Originally employed as a treatment of last-resort in patients with life-threatening Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), FMT gained widespread acceptance during the CDI epidemic, where it achieved resolution rates approaching 100%. Following our newfound appreciation for the role of the gut microbiome in both health and disease and owing to FMT’s unique mechanism/s of action, FMT is rapidly advancing as an effective treatment for a number of conditions in which the gastrointestinal microbiome is thought to play a role. We review the role of FMT from its beginnings in CDI to its expansion into inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and colon cancer.

粪便微生物群移植（FMT）代表了治疗性操作胃肠道微生物组的最有效手段。FMT最初是用于危及生命的艰难梭菌（Clostridioides difficile）感染（CDI）患者的最后治疗方法，在CDI流行期间，FMT得到了广泛的接受，其解决率接近100％。由于我们对肠道微生物组在健康和疾病中的作用有了新发现，并且由于FMT独特的作用机制，FMT正迅速发展成为一种有效的治疗方法，可用于治疗许多认为胃肠道微生物组起着重要作用的疾病。角色。我们回顾了FMT从其在CDI开始到其扩展为炎性肠病，肠易激综合症和结肠癌的作用。