Examining the links between neuronal activity, transcriptional output, and synaptic function offers unique insights into how neurons adapt to changing environments and form memories. Epigenetic markers, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, have been implicated in the formation of not only cellular memories such as cell fate, but also memories of experience at the organismal level. Here, we review recent advances in chromatin regulation that contribute to synaptic plasticity and drive adaptive behaviors through dynamic and precise regulation of transcription output in neurons. We discuss chromatin-associated proteins, histone variant proteins, the contribution of cis-regulatory elements and their interaction with histone modifications, and how these mechanisms are integrated into distinct behavior and environmental response paradigms.

中文翻译：

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神经元可塑性的染色质景观。

检查神经元活动，转录输出和突触功能之间的联系可提供关于神经元如何适应不断变化的环境和形成记忆的独特见解。表观遗传标记，例如DNA甲基化和组蛋白修饰，不仅涉及诸如细胞命运之类的细胞记忆的形成，而且还涉及生物体水平的经验记忆。在这里，我们回顾了染色质调节的最新进展，这些进展有助于突触可塑性，并通过动态精确调节神经元转录输出来驱动适应性行为。我们讨论了染色质相关蛋白，组蛋白变体蛋白，顺式调节元件的贡献及其与组蛋白修饰的相互作用，以及这些机制如何整合到不同的行为和环境响应范式中。