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Donor metabolic characteristics drive effects of faecal microbiota transplantation on recipient insulin sensitivity, energy expenditure and intestinal transit time
Gut ( IF 23.0 ) Pub Date : 2019-05-30 , DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318320
Pieter de Groot 1 , Torsten Scheithauer 1 , Guido J Bakker 1 , Andrei Prodan 1 , Evgeni Levin 1 , Muhammad Tanweer Khan 2 , Hilde Herrema 1 , Mariette Ackermans 1 , Mireille J M Serlie 1 , Maurits de Brauw 3 , Johannes H M Levels 1 , Amber Sales 1 , Victor E Gerdes 1 , Marcus Ståhlman 2 , Alinda W M Schimmel 1 , Geesje Dallinga-Thie 1 , Jacques Jghm Bergman 4 , Frits Holleman 1 , Joost B L Hoekstra 1 , Albert Groen 1 , Fredrik Bäckhed 2 , Max Nieuwdorp 1
Affiliation  

Objective Bariatric surgery improves glucose metabolism. Recent data suggest that faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) using faeces from postbariatric surgery diet-induced obese mice in germ-free mice improves glucose metabolism and intestinal homeostasis. We here investigated whether allogenic FMT using faeces from post-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass donors (RYGB-D) compared with using faeces from metabolic syndrome donors (METS-D) has short-term effects on glucose metabolism, intestinal transit time and adipose tissue inflammation in treatment-naïve, obese, insulin-resistant male subjects. Design Subjects with metabolic syndrome (n=22) received allogenic FMT either from RYGB-D or METS-D. Hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity as well as lipolysis were measured at baseline and 2 weeks after FMT by hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic stable isotope (2H2-glucose and 2H5-glycerol) clamp. Secondary outcome parameters were changes in resting energy expenditure, intestinal transit time, faecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and bile acids, and inflammatory markers in subcutaneous adipose tissue related to intestinal microbiota composition. Faecal SCFA, bile acids, glycaemic control and inflammatory parameters were also evaluated at 8 weeks. Results We observed a significant decrease in insulin sensitivity 2 weeks after allogenic METS-D FMT (median rate of glucose disappearance: from 40.6 to 34.0 µmol/kg/min; p<0.01). Moreover, a trend (p=0.052) towards faster intestinal transit time following RYGB-D FMT was seen. Finally, we observed changes in faecal bile acids (increased lithocholic, deoxycholic and (iso)lithocholic acid after METS-D FMT), inflammatory markers (decreased adipose tissue chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) gene expression and plasma CCL2 after RYGB-D FMT) and changes in several intestinal microbiota taxa. Conclusion Allogenic FMT using METS-D decreases insulin sensitivity in metabolic syndrome recipients when compared with using post-RYGB-D. Further research is needed to delineate the role of donor characteristics in FMT efficacy in human insulin-resistant subjects. Trial registration number NTR4327.

中文翻译:

供体代谢特征驱动粪便微生物群移植对受体胰岛素敏感性、能量消耗和肠道转运时间的影响

目的减肥手术改善葡萄糖代谢。最近的数据表明,在无菌小鼠中使用减肥手术后饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠的粪便进行粪便微生物群移植 (FMT) 可改善葡萄糖代谢和肠道稳态​​。我们在此调查了使用来自 Roux-en-Y 胃绕道手术后供体 (RYGB-D) 的粪便与使用代谢综合征供体 (METS-D) 的粪便进行的同种异体 FMT 是否对葡萄糖代谢、肠道转运时间和未治疗、肥胖、胰岛素抵抗男性受试者的脂肪组织炎症。患有代谢综合征的设计受试者 (n=22) 接受了来自 RYGB-D 或 METS-D 的同种异体 FMT。在基线和 FMT 后 2 周,通过高胰岛素正常血糖稳定同位素(2H2-葡萄糖和 2H5-甘油)钳测量肝脏和外周胰岛素敏感性以及脂肪分解。次要结果参数是静息能量消耗、肠道转运时间、粪便短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 和胆汁酸的变化,以及与肠道微生物群组成相关的皮下脂肪组织炎症标志物的变化。在第 8 周时还评估了粪便 SCFA、胆汁酸、血糖控制和炎症参数。结果 我们观察到同种异体 METS-D FMT 后 2 周胰岛素敏感性显着降低(葡萄糖消失的中位数:从 40.6 到 34.0 µmol/kg/min;p<0.01)。此外,观察到 RYGB-D FMT 后肠道通过时间加快的趋势 (p=0.052)。最后,我们观察到粪便胆汁酸的变化(METS-D FMT 后石胆酸、脱氧胆酸和(异)石胆酸增加)、炎症标志物(RYGB-D FMT 后脂肪组织趋化因子配体 2(CCL2)基因表达和血浆 CCL2 降低)和变化在几个肠道微生物群中。结论 与使用 RYGB-D 后相比,使用 METS-D 的同种异体 FMT 降低了代谢综合征受者的胰岛素敏感性。需要进一步的研究来描述供体特征在人类胰岛素抵抗受试者 FMT 功效中的作用。试用注册号 NTR4327。炎症标志物(RYGB-D FMT 后脂肪组织趋化因子配体 2(CCL2)基因表达和血浆 CCL2 降低)和几种肠道微生物群的变化。结论 与使用 RYGB-D 后相比,使用 METS-D 的同种异体 FMT 降低了代谢综合征受者的胰岛素敏感性。需要进一步的研究来描述供体特征在人类胰岛素抵抗受试者 FMT 功效中的作用。试用注册号 NTR4327。炎症标志物(RYGB-D FMT 后脂肪组织趋化因子配体 2(CCL2)基因表达和血浆 CCL2 降低)和几种肠道微生物群的变化。结论 与使用 RYGB-D 后相比,使用 METS-D 的同种异体 FMT 降低了代谢综合征受者的胰岛素敏感性。需要进一步的研究来描述供体特征在人类胰岛素抵抗受试者 FMT 功效中的作用。试用注册号 NTR4327。
更新日期:2019-05-30
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