Nature makes use of molecular machines to perform intricate functions in every significant biological process and to power macroscopic motion in organisms. Biomolecular motor proteins perform crucial tasks such as cell division, intracellular transport and mechanical actuation in biological cells. The rotary motor F_oF₁-ATPase is one of the most extensively studied biomolecular machines as a result of its vital physiological function. Research on the function of F_oF₁-ATPase can help to better understand the underlying biological processes and may also result in the development of biological molecular motor-based devices or even inspire the creative design and construction of artificial molecular machines. Recent advances in nanoscience and biotechnology have enabled engineering experiments with F_oF₁-ATPase that have achieved notable success. In this Review, we first outline the reconstitution of F_oF₁-ATPase into simple liposomes and polymersomes and then focus on recent progress in the reconstitution of F_oF₁-ATPase on layer-by-layer-assembled systems. The elaborate structural designs utilized in layer-by-layer-assembled systems to better mimic natural cell structures are introduced. The rational integration of functional components to achieve stimuli-responsive ATP syntheses from F_oF₁-ATPase-based biomimetic systems is highlighted. Finally, we address some remaining key challenges and speculate on future directions for the field.

大自然利用分子机器在每个重要的生物过程中执行复杂的功能，并为有机体中的宏观运动提供动力。生物分子运动蛋白在生物细胞中执行关键任务，例如细胞分裂，细胞内转运和机械驱动。旋转马达F _o F ₁ -ATPase由于其重要的生理功能而成为研究最广泛的生物分子机器之一。F _o F ₁的功能研究-ATPase可以帮助更好地理解潜在的生物学过程，还可以促进基于生物分子马达的设备的开发，甚至可以激发人工分子机器的创新设计和构建。纳米科学和生物技术的最新进展使F _o F ₁ -ATPase的工程实验取得了显著成功。在这篇综述中，我们首先概述了将F _o F ₁ -ATPase重组为简单脂质体和聚合物小体，然后重点介绍了F _o F ₁重组的最新进展。-ATPase在逐层组装的系统上。介绍了用于逐层组装的系统中以更好地模仿天然细胞结构的精心设计的结构。强调功能组件的合理整合，以实现基于基于F _o F ₁ -ATPase的仿生系统的刺激响应性ATP合成。最后，我们解决了一些尚待解决的关键挑战，并推测了该领域的未来发展方向。