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Endosome and Golgi-associated degradation (EGAD) of membrane proteins regulates sphingolipid metabolism.
The EMBO Journal ( IF 9.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-05-27 , DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018101433
Oliver Schmidt 1 , Yannick Weyer 1 , Verena Baumann 1 , Michael A Widerin 1 , Sebastian Eising 2 , Mihaela Angelova 3 , Alexander Schleiffer 4, 5 , Leopold Kremser 6 , Herbert Lindner 6 , Matthias Peter 7 , Florian Fröhlich 2 , David Teis 1
Affiliation  

Cellular homeostasis requires the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of membrane proteins. This was assumed to be mediated exclusively either by endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) or by endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT)-dependent lysosomal degradation. We identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae an additional pathway that selectively extracts membrane proteins at Golgi and endosomes for degradation by cytosolic proteasomes. One endogenous substrate of this endosome and Golgi-associated degradation pathway (EGAD) is the ER-resident membrane protein Orm2, a negative regulator of sphingolipid biosynthesis. Orm2 degradation is initiated by phosphorylation, which triggers its ER export. Once on Golgi and endosomes, Orm2 is poly-ubiquitinated by the membrane-embedded "Defective in SREBP cleavage" (Dsc) ubiquitin ligase complex. Cdc48/VCP then extracts ubiquitinated Orm2 from membranes, which is tightly coupled to the proteasomal degradation of Orm2. Thereby, EGAD prevents the accumulation of Orm2 at the ER and in post-ER compartments and promotes the controlled de-repression of sphingolipid biosynthesis. Thus, the selective degradation of membrane proteins by EGAD contributes to proteostasis and lipid homeostasis in eukaryotic cells.

中文翻译:


膜蛋白的内体和高尔基体相关降解(EGAD)调节鞘脂代谢。



细胞稳态需要膜蛋白的泛素依赖性降解。据推测,这完全是由内质网相关降解(ERAD)或运输(ESCRT)依赖性溶酶体降解所需的内体分选复合物介导的。我们在酿酒酵母中发现了一条额外的途径,可以选择性地提取高尔基体和内体的膜蛋白,以便被胞质蛋白酶体降解。该内体和高尔基体相关降解途径 (EGAD) 的一个内源底物是内质网驻留膜蛋白 Orm2,它是鞘脂生物合成的负调节因子。 Orm2 降解是由磷酸化引发的,磷酸化会触发其 ER 输出。一旦到达高尔基体和核内体,Orm2 就会被膜嵌入的“SREBP 裂解缺陷”(Dsc) 泛素连接酶复合物多泛素化。然后,Cdc48/VCP 从膜中提取泛素化的 Orm2,这与 Orm2 的蛋白酶体降解紧密耦合。因此,EGAD 可防止 Orm2 在 ER 和 ER 后区室中积聚,并促进鞘脂生物合成的受控去抑制。因此,EGAD 选择性降解膜蛋白有助于真核细胞中的蛋白质稳态和脂质稳态。
更新日期:2020-03-19
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