Although the O-GlcNAcylation process was discovered in 1984, its potential role in the physiology and physiopathology of skeletal muscle only emerged 20 years later. An increasing number of publications strongly support a key role of O-GlcNAcylation in the modulation of important cellular processes which are essential for skeletal muscle functions. Indeed, over a thousand of O-GlcNAcylated proteins have been identified within skeletal muscle since 2004, which belong to various classes of proteins, including sarcomeric proteins. In this review, we focused on these myofibrillar proteins, including contractile and structural proteins. Because of the modification of motor and regulatory proteins, the regulatory myosin light chain (MLC2) is related to several reports that support a key role of O-GlcNAcylation in the fine modulation of calcium activation parameters of skeletal muscle fibres, depending on muscle phenotype and muscle work. In addition, another key function of O-GlcNAcylation has recently emerged in the regulation of organization and reorganization of the sarcomere. Altogether, this data support a key role of O-GlcNAcylation in the homeostasis of sarcomeric cytoskeleton, known to be disturbed in many related muscle disorders.

中文翻译：

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O-GlcNAcylation作为骨骼肌中肌小节的功能和结构特性的调节剂：最新综述。

尽管O-GlcNAcylation过程是在1984年发现的，但它在骨骼肌的生理学和病理生理学中的潜在作用仅在20年后才出现。越来越多的出版物强烈支持O-GlcNAcylation在调节重要细胞过程中的关键作用，而这些过程对骨骼肌功能至关重要。实际上，自2004年以来，已经在骨骼肌中鉴定出了上千种O-GlcNAcylated蛋白，这些蛋白属于各种类型的蛋白，包括肌节蛋白。在这篇综述中，我们集中于这些肌原纤维蛋白，包括收缩蛋白和结构蛋白。由于运动蛋白和调节蛋白的修饰，调节性肌球蛋白轻链（MLC2）与一些报道有关，这些报道支持O-GlcNAcylation在骨骼肌纤维的钙激活参数的精细调节中的关键作用，具体取决于肌肉表型和肌肉工作。此外，O-GlcNAcylation的另一个关键功能最近出现在肌节的组织和重组调控中。总而言之，该数据支持O-GlcNAcylation在肌节细胞骨架的动态平衡中的关键作用，众所周知，肌节细胞骨架在许多相关的肌肉疾病中都受到干扰。