Recently, many Earth-sized planets have been discovered around stars other than the Sun that might possess appropriate conditions for life. The development of theoretical methods for assessing the putative habitability of these worlds is of paramount importance, since it serves the dual purpose of identifying and quantifying what types of biosignatures may exist and determining the selection of optimal target stars and planets for subsequent observations. This Colloquium discusses how a multitude of physical factors act in tandem to regulate the propensity of worlds for hosting detectable biospheres. The focus is primarily on planets around low-mass stars, as they are most readily accessible to searches for biosignatures. This Colloquium outlines how factors such as stellar winds, the availability of ultraviolet and visible light, the surface water and land fractions, stellar flares, and associated phenomena place potential constraints on the evolution of life on these planets.

中文翻译：

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座谈会：系外行星生命进化的物理限制

最近，在除了太阳以外的恒星周围发现了许多地球大小的行星，这些行星可能具有适当的生命条件。评估这些世界的假定宜居性的理论方法的发展至关重要，因为它具有识别和量化可能存在哪些类型的生物特征以及确定随后进行观测的最佳目标恒星和行星的双重目的。这次座谈会讨论了多种物理因素如何协同作用，以调节世界容纳可探测生物圈的倾向。重点主要放在低质量恒星周围的行星上，因为它们最容易被生物特征搜索所访问。这次座谈会概述了恒星风，紫外线和可见光的可用性等因素，