Spin-orbit coupling in inversion-asymmetric magnetic crystals and structures has emerged as a powerful tool to generate complex magnetic textures, interconvert charge and spin under applied current, and control magnetization dynamics. Current-induced spin-orbit torques mediate the transfer of angular momentum from the lattice to the spin system, leading to sustained magnetic oscillations or switching of ferromagnetic as well as antiferromagnetic structures. The manipulation of magnetic order, domain walls, and skyrmions by spin-orbit torques provides evidence of the microscopic interactions between charge and spin in a variety of materials and opens novel strategies to design spintronic devices with potentially high impact in data storage, nonvolatile logic, and magnonic applications. This paper reviews recent progress in the field of spin orbitronics, focusing on theoretical models, material properties, and experimental results obtained on bulk noncentrosymmetric conductors and multilayer heterostructures, including metals, semiconductors, and topological insulator systems. Relevant aspects for improving the understanding and optimizing the efficiency of nonequilibrium spin-orbit phenomena in future nanoscale devices are also discussed.

中文翻译：

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铁磁和反铁磁系统中电流感应的自旋轨道转矩

反对称非对称磁性晶体和结构中的自旋轨道耦合已成为一种强大的工具，可以生成复杂的磁性结构，在施加电流的情况下互转换电荷和自旋，并控制磁化动力学。电流感应的自旋轨道转矩介导角动量从晶格到自旋系统的传递，导致持续的磁振荡或铁磁以及反铁磁结构的切换。通过自旋轨道扭矩对磁阶，畴壁和天体的操纵提供了各种材料中电荷和自旋之间微观相互作用的证据，并为设计自旋电子器件提供了新的策略，该器件在数据存储，非易失性逻辑，和大型应用。本文回顾了自旋Orbitronics领域的最新进展，重点关注理论模型，材料特性以及在体非中心对称导体和多层异质结构（包括金属，半导体和拓扑绝缘体系统）上获得的实验结果。还讨论了有关在未来的纳米级设备中提高对非平衡自旋轨道现象的理解并优化其效率的相关方面。