It has always been of considerable interest to study the nuclear magnetic resonance response of multiple nuclei simultaneously, whether these signals arise from internuclear couplings within the same molecule, or from uncoupled nuclei within sample mixtures. The literature contains numerous uncorrelated reports on techniques employed to achieve multi-nuclear NMR detection. This paper consolidates the subset of techniques in which single coil detectors are utilized, and highlights the strengths and weaknesses of each approach, at the same time pointing the way towards future developments in the field of multi-nuclear NMR. We compare the different multi-nuclear NMR techniques in terms of performance, and present a guide to NMR probe designers towards application-based optimum design. We also review the applicability of micro-coils in the context of multi-nuclear methods. Micro-coils benefit from compact geometries and exhibit lower impedance, which provide new opportunities and challenges for the NMR probe designer.

中文翻译：

---

用于 NMR 的宽带和多谐振传感器

同时研究多个核的核磁共振响应一直是相当有趣的，无论这些信号是来自同一分子内的核间耦合，还是来自样品混合物中的未耦合核。文献中包含许多关于用于实现多核 NMR 检测的技术的不相关报告。本文整合了使用单线圈探测器的技术子集，并突出了每种方法的优缺点，同时指出了多核 NMR 领域未来发展的方向。我们在性能方面比较了不同的多核 NMR 技术，并为 NMR 探针设计人员提供了基于应用的优化设计的指南。我们还回顾了微线圈在多核方法的背景下的适用性。微型线圈受益于紧凑的几何形状并表现出较低的阻抗，这为 NMR 探头设计人员提供了新的机遇和挑战。