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MHC haplotype diversity in Icelandic horses determined by polymorphic microsatellites.
Genes and Immunity ( IF 5.0 ) Pub Date : 2019-05-09 , DOI: 10.1038/s41435-019-0075-y
Camille M Holmes 1 , Nathaniel Violette 1 , Donald Miller 1 , Bettina Wagner 2 , Vilhjálmur Svansson 3 , Douglas F Antczak 1
Affiliation  

The Icelandic horse has been maintained as a closed population in its eponymous homeland for many generations, with no recorded introductions of new horses of any breed since the year 1000 CE. Here we determined the diversity of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotypes in 156 Icelandic horses from two groups, based on a panel of 12 polymorphic intra-MHC microsatellites tested in families of various composition. We identified a total of 79 MHC haplotypes in these two groups, including one documented intra-MHC recombination event from a total of 147 observed meioses. None of these MHC haplotypes have been previously described in any other horse breed. Only one MHC homozygote was found in the entire population studied. These results indicate a very high level of MHC heterozygosity and haplotype diversity in the Icelandic horse. The environment in Iceland is remarkable for its lack of common agents of equine infectious disease, including equine herpesvirus type 1, influenza virus, and streptococcus equi. The driving forces for maintenance of MHC heterozygosity in Icelandic horses must thus be sought outside of these major horse pathogens. Based on our results, we propose that intra-MHC recombination may play a major role in the generation of novel haplotypes.

中文翻译:

多态性微卫星确定的冰岛马的MHC单倍型多样性。

冰岛马在其同名家园一直被作为封闭的种群保留了好几代人,自公元1000年以来,没有记录到任何品种的新马的引进。在这里,我们根据在不同组成的科中测试的12个多态性MHC内微卫星组,确定了两组中的156匹冰岛马的主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)单倍型的多样性。我们在这两组中总共确定了79种MHC单倍型,包括从总共147个观察到的基因组中记录的一种MHC内部重组事件。这些MHC单倍型以前均未在任何其他马匹品种中进行过描述。在整个研究人群中仅发现一种MHC纯合子。这些结果表明冰岛马的MHC杂合度和单倍型多样性水平很高。冰岛的环境因缺乏马传染病的常见病原体而著称,包括马疱疹病毒1型,流感病毒和马链球菌。因此,必须在这些主要马病原体之外寻找维持冰岛马MHC杂合性的驱动力。根据我们的结果,我们建议内部MHC重组可能在新型单倍型的产生中发挥主要作用。
更新日期:2019-05-09
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