Implicit cognitive processing is theorized to have a central role in many forms of psychopathology. In the current review, we focus on implicit associations, by which we mean evaluative representations in memory that are difficult to control and do not require conscious reflection to influence affect, cognition, or behavior. We consider definitional and measurement challenges before examining recent empirical evidence for these associations in anxiety, obsessive-compulsive, posttraumatic stress, depressive, and alcohol use disorders. This examination is framed by a brief review of the ways that prominent models of psychopathology represent biased implicit processing of disorder-relevant information. We consider to what extent models reflect more traditional automatic/implicit versus strategic/explicit dual-process perspectives or reflect more recent dynamical systems perspectives in which mental representations are iteratively reprocessed, evolving continuously. Finally, we consider the future research needed to better understand the interactive and temporal dynamics of implicit cognition in psychopathology.

中文翻译：

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内隐认知与心理病理学：回顾与展望。

从理论上讲，隐式认知加工在多种形式的心理病理学中具有核心作用。在当前的审查中，我们集中于隐式关联，这是指记忆中的评估表示形式，这些表示形式难以控制并且不需要有意识的反思即可影响影响，认知或行为。在检查焦虑，强迫症，创伤后压力，抑郁和酒精使用障碍这些关联的最新经验证据之前，我们考虑定义和测量方面的挑战。通过简要回顾一下心理病理学的杰出模型表示与疾病相关的信息的有偏向的隐式处理的方式，来对这种检查进行框架化。我们考虑模型在多大程度上反映了传统的自动/内隐对策略/显式的双过程观点，或反映了较新的动力学系统观点，在这些观点中迭代地重新处理了心理表征，并不断发展。最后，我们认为未来的研究需要更好地了解心理病理学中内隐认知的互动和时间动态。