To conserve marine biodiversity, we must first understand the spatial distribution and status of at‐risk biodiversity. We combined range maps and conservation status for 5,291 marine species to map the global distribution of extinction risk of marine biodiversity. We find that for 83% of the ocean, >25% of assessed species are considered threatened, and 15% of the ocean shows >50% of assessed species threatened when weighting for range‐limited species. By comparing mean extinction risk of marine biodiversity to no‐take marine reserve placement, we identify regions where reserves preferentially afford proactive protection (i.e., preserving low‐risk areas) or reactive protection (i.e., mitigating high‐risk areas), indicating opportunities and needs for effective future protection at national and regional scales. In addition, elevated risk to high seas biodiversity highlights the need for credible protection and minimization of threatening activities in international waters.

中文翻译：

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绘制全球濒危海洋生物多样性状况并进行保护

为了保护海洋生物多样性，我们必须首先了解高危生物多样性的空间分布和状况。我们结合了范围分布图和5,291种海洋物种的保护状况，绘制了海洋生物多样性灭绝风险的全球分布图。我们发现，对范围有限的物种进行加权时，对于83％的海洋，> 25％的受评估物种受到威胁，而15％的海洋显示> 50％的受评估物种受到威胁。通过将海洋生物多样性的平均灭绝风险与不采取海洋保护区的情况进行比较，我们确定了保护区优先提供主动保护（即，保护低风险区域）或被动保护（即，减轻高风险区域）的区域，并指出了机会和在国家和地区范围内对有效的未来保护的需求。此外，