Here, we review recent progress in genetic and genomic studies of the diversity of Oryza species. In recent years, unlocking the genetic diversity of Oryza species has provided insights into the genomics of rice domestication, heterosis, and complex traits. Genome sequencing and analysis of numerous wild rice (Oryza rufipogon) and Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) accessions have enabled the identification of genome-wide signatures of rice domestication and the unlocking of the origin of Asian cultivated rice. Moreover, similar studies on genome variations of African rice (Oryza glaberrima) cultivars and their closely related wild progenitor Oryza barthii accessions have provided strong evidence to support a theory of independent domestication in African rice. Integrated genomic approaches have efficiently investigated many heterotic loci in hybrid rice underlying yield heterosis advantages and revealed the genomic architecture of rice heterosis. We conclude that in-depth unlocking of genetic variations among Oryza species will further enhance rice breeding.

中文翻译：

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Oryza 物种的基因组学为水稻驯化和杂种优势提供了见解

在这里，我们回顾了水稻物种多样性的遗传和基因组研究的最新进展。近年来，解开水稻物种的遗传多样性为水稻驯化、杂种优势和复杂性状的基因组学提供了见解。对大量野生稻 (Oryza rufipogon) 和亚洲栽培稻 (Oryza sativa) 种质的基因组测序和分析使得能够鉴定水稻驯化的全基因组特征并解开亚洲栽培稻的起源。此外，对非洲水稻 (Oryza glaberrima) 品种及其密切相关的野生祖先 Oryza barthii 种质基因组变异的类似研究为支持非洲水稻独立驯化理论提供了强有力的证据。综合基因组方法有效地研究了杂交水稻中潜在的产量杂种优势优势的许多杂种优势位点，并揭示了水稻杂种优势的基因组结构。我们得出的结论是，深入解锁稻种之间的遗传变异将进一步加强水稻育种。