Abstract HALO (HAgis LOcust) solves the initial value Vlasov–Maxwell problem perturbatively for application to certain nonlinear wave-particle problems in tokamak plasmas. It uses the same basic approach as the HAGIS code (Pinches et al., 1998) for wave evolution but is built on the LOCUST-GPU full-orbit code (Akers et al., 2012) for the solution of the Hamiltonian fast particle motion in cylindrical coordinates. The wave amplitude and particle evolution include all finite Larmor radius effects. We describe and benchmark the currently implemented Alfven eigenmode workflow, demonstrating correct particle motion, linear and nonlinear power transfer. The formulation and numerical scheme are sufficiently general as to allow easy future implementation of different kinds of eigenmodes, such as modes close to the ion-cyclotron frequency. The code can model multiple eigenmodes and multiple fast ion species simultaneously, and supports the general form of the equilibrium distribution in constants of motion.

中文翻译：

---

HALO：快粒子与本征模非线性相互作用的全轨道模型

摘要 HALO (HAgis LOcust) 微扰求解初始值 Vlasov-Maxwell 问题，以应用于托卡马克等离子体中的某些非线性波粒问题。它使用与 HAGIS 代码（Pinches 等人，1998 年）相同的基本方法进行波演化，但建立在 LOCUST-GPU 全轨道代码（Akers 等人，2012 年）上，用于解决哈密顿快速粒子运动在圆柱坐标系中。波幅和粒子演化包括所有有限的拉莫尔半径效应。我们描述了当前实施的 Alfven 特征模式工作流程并对其进行了基准测试，展示了正确的粒子运动、线性和非线性功率传输。公式和数值方案足够通用，可以在未来轻松实现不同种类的本征模式，例如接近离子回旋频率的模式。