A wide range of raw materials are now used routinely in aquaculture feeds throughout the world, primarily to supply protein and energy in the form of lipid from edible oils. Protein meals and oils used can generally be divided into those of plant or animal origin and many have considerable potential to supply the required dietary nutrients required by aquaculture species. However, the use of any raw material introduces a suite of risks that need to be considered to enable the production of safe, sustainable and functional feeds to underpin this sector. A lack of understanding of some of those risks can result in failure of dietary specifications being met and/or negative nutritional elements being introduced (e.g. antinutritional factors). Importantly, it is this feed that when fed to food‐producing animals is such an important element of food safety, and as such any undesirable aspects relating to feed production can also have a negative impact on the rest of the food chain. However, there is some disparity internationally among raw materials that are used and the perceptions surrounding the risk of their use. It is the scientific assessment of these risks that is the basis of this review.

中文翻译：

---

在水产养殖饲料中使用替代动植物原料资源的风险评估

现在，世界各地的水产养殖饲料中通常使用各种原材料，主要是从食用油中以脂质形式提供蛋白质和能量。所用的蛋白质粉和油脂通常可分为植物或动物来源的蛋白质粉和油脂，许多蛋白质粉和油脂具有提供水产养殖物种所需的所需饮食营养的巨大潜力。但是，使用任何原材料都会带来一系列风险，需要考虑这些风险才能使安全，可持续和功能性饲料的生产成为该部门的基础。对其中一些风险的不了解可能会导致无法满足饮食要求和/或引入负面的营养成分（例如抗营养因子）。重要的，正是这种饲料，在喂给产粮动物时，是食品安全的重要组成部分，因此，与饲料生产有关的任何不利方面也会对其余食物链产生负面影响。但是，在国际上，所使用的原材料之间以及围绕其使用风险的看法存在一定差异。对这些风险的科学评估是此次审查的基础。