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Development of renewable energy sources market and biofuels in The European Union
Journal of Cleaner Production ( IF 9.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-04-25 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.242
Piotr Bórawski , Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska , Elżbieta Jadwiga Szymańska , Krzysztof Józef Jankowski , Bogdan Dubis , James W. Dunn

The aim of the paper is to present renewable energy market development with particular regard paid to biofuels in the EU. The analysis included data on the share of renewables in Gross Island energy consumption, changes of renewable energy in the years 2004–2016 and the amount of liquid biofuels. The authors of the paper used descriptive and statistical methods to describe the changes in bioenergy development in the European Union (EU). The biggest share of biofuels and renewable waste can be seen in Latvia (31.2%), Finland (26.7%) and Sweden (24.8%). The highest percentage of wind energy in 2015 was found in: Denmark (7.2%), Portugal (4.3%), Ireland (4.0%) and Spain (3.5%). The highest share of solar energy in 2015 was found in Cyprus (3.5%), Spain (2.6%) and Greece (2.2%). The highest contribution of geothermal energy was found in 2015 in Italy (3.5%), Portugal (0.8%) and Slovenia (0,7%). Hydropower was the biggest in 2015 in Sweden (14.2%), Austria (9.6%) and Slovenia (5.0%). The highest coefficients of variation of the share of electricity from renewable energy sources were found in the years 2004–2017 in Malta (140.3%), Cyprus (101.1%) and United Kingdom (71.9%). In addition, the highest coefficients of variation of share of renewable energy sources in heating and cooling in the years 2004–2017 were found in Malta (72.4%), United Kingdom (69.81%) and Hungary (44.91%). Moreover, the highest coefficients of variation of share of renewable energy sources in transport in the years 2004–2017 were found in Finland (113.78%), Malta (115.52%) and Belgium (96.53%).

The biggest producers of ethanol and biodiesel in EU were Germany, France and Poland. Cluster analysis data show that Germany and France are of key importance in the production of biodiesel and ethanol. The biodiesel production increased in the years 2003–2017 from 719,32 million liters to 13323 million liters (increase 1852.2%). However, in the years 2014–2017 a stagnation in biofuel production was observed from 13673 million liters to 13323 million liters (−2,56%). The situation on the market and the increasing demand for green energy suggest that the production of ethanol and esters of vegetable oils will increase by 2030, which will contribute to the development of this sector.



中文翻译:

欧盟可再生能源市场和生物燃料的发展

本文的目的是介绍可再生能源市场的发展,特别关注欧盟的生物燃料。该分析包括有关可再生能源在岛内能源消费总量中所占份额,2004-2016年间可再生能源变化以及液态生物燃料数量的数据。该论文的作者使用描述性和统计方法来描述欧盟(EU)中生物能源发展的变化。生物燃料和可再生废物的最大份额出现在拉脱维亚(31.2%),芬兰(26.7%)和瑞典(24.8%)。2015年风能比例最高的国家是:丹麦(7.2%),葡萄牙(4.3%),爱尔兰(4.0%)和西班牙(3.5%)。2015年,太阳能的最高份额出现在塞浦路斯(3.5%),西班牙(2.6%)和希腊(2.2%)。2015年,地热能贡献最大的国家是意大利(3.5%),葡萄牙(0.8%)和斯洛文尼亚(0.7%)。2015年,水力发电量最大的国家是瑞典(14.2%),奥地利(9.6%)和斯洛文尼亚(5.0%)。2004-2017年间,马耳他(140.3%),塞浦路斯(101.1%)和英国(71.9%)的可再生能源电力份额变化系数最高。此外,在马耳他(72.4%),英国(69.81%)和匈牙利(44.91%)发现了2004-2017年间可再生能源在供暖和制冷中所占份额的最高变动系数。此外,在芬兰(113.78%),马耳他(115.52%)和比利时(96.53%)发现了2004-2017年交通运输中可再生能源份额的最高变动系数。2015年,水电最大的国家是瑞典(14.2%),奥地利(9.6%)和斯洛文尼亚(5.0%)。2004-2017年间,马耳他(140.3%),塞浦路斯(101.1%)和英国(71.9%)的可再生能源电力份额变化系数最高。此外,在马耳他(72.4%),英国(69.81%)和匈牙利(44.91%)发现了2004-2017年间可再生能源在供暖和制冷中所占份额的最高变动系数。此外,在芬兰(113.78%),马耳他(115.52%)和比利时(96.53%)发现了2004-2017年交通运输中可再生能源份额的最高变动系数。2015年,水力发电量最大的国家是瑞典(14.2%),奥地利(9.6%)和斯洛文尼亚(5.0%)。2004-2017年间,马耳他(140.3%),塞浦路斯(101.1%)和英国(71.9%)的可再生能源电力份额变化系数最高。此外,在马耳他(72.4%),英国(69.81%)和匈牙利(44.91%)发现了2004-2017年间可再生能源在供暖和制冷中所占份额的最高变动系数。此外,在芬兰(113.78%),马耳他(115.52%)和比利时(96.53%)发现了2004-2017年交通运输中可再生能源份额的最高变动系数。2004-2017年间,马耳他(140.3%),塞浦路斯(101.1%)和英国(71.9%)的可再生能源电力份额变化系数最高。此外,在马耳他(72.4%),英国(69.81%)和匈牙利(44.91%)发现了2004-2017年间可再生能源在供暖和制冷中所占份额的最高变动系数。此外,在芬兰(113.78%),马耳他(115.52%)和比利时(96.53%)发现了2004-2017年交通运输中可再生能源份额的最高变动系数。2004-2017年间,马耳他(140.3%),塞浦路斯(101.1%)和英国(71.9%)的可再生能源电力份额变化系数最高。此外,在马耳他(72.4%),英国(69.81%)和匈牙利(44.91%)发现了2004-2017年间可再生能源在供暖和制冷中所占份额的最高变动系数。此外,在芬兰(113.78%),马耳他(115.52%)和比利时(96.53%)发现了2004-2017年交通运输中可再生能源份额的最高变动系数。英国(69.81%)和匈牙利(44.91%)。此外,在芬兰(113.78%),马耳他(115.52%)和比利时(96.53%)发现了2004-2017年交通运输中可再生能源份额的最高变动系数。英国(69.81%)和匈牙利(44.91%)。此外,在芬兰(113.78%),马耳他(115.52%)和比利时(96.53%)发现了2004-2017年交通运输中可再生能源份额的最高变动系数。

欧盟最大的乙醇和生物柴油生产国是德国,法国和波兰。聚类分析数据表明,德国和法国在生物柴油和乙醇生产中至关重要。2003-2017年间,生物柴油产量从71,932亿升增加到13,323百万升(增长1852.2%)。然而,在2014-2017年间,观察到生物燃料生产停滞,从136.73亿升增加到133.23亿升(-2,56%)。市场情况和对绿色能源的需求不断增长表明,到2030年乙醇和植物油酯的产量将增加,这将为该部门的发展做出贡献。

更新日期:2019-04-25
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