A wealth of studies in the mammalian nervous system indicate the role of epigenetic gene regulation in both basic neurobiological function and disease. However, the relationship between epigenetic regulation and neuropathology is largely correlational due to the presence of mixed cell populations within brain regions and the genome-wide effects of classical approaches to manipulate the epigenome. Locus-specific epigenetic editing allows direct epigenetic regulation of specific genes to elucidate the direct causal relationship between epigenetic modifications and transcription. This review discusses some of the latest innovations in the efficacy and flexibility in this approach that hold promise for neurobiological application.

中文翻译：

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神经表观编辑的最新进展。

哺乳动物神经系统的大量研究表明，表观遗传基因调控在基本神经生物学功能和疾病中的作用。然而，由于大脑区域内存在混合细胞群以及经典方法操纵表观基因组，因此表观遗传调控与神经病理学之间的关系在很大程度上是相关的。位点特异性表观遗传编辑允许对特定基因进行直接表观遗传调控，以阐明表观遗传修饰与转录之间的直接因果关系。这篇综述讨论了这种方法在功效和灵活性方面的最新创新，这些创新有望为神经生物学应用提供前景。