Genome architecture plays a critical role in regulating the expression of genes that are essential for nervous system development. During neuronal differentiation, spatially and temporally regulated transcription allows neuronal migration, the growth of dendrites and axons, and at later stages, synaptic formation and the establishment of neuronal circuitry. Genome topology and relocation of gene loci within the nucleus are now regarded as key factors that contribute to transcriptional regulation. Here, we review recent work supporting the hypothesis that the dynamic organization of chromatin within the nucleus impacts gene activation in response to extrinsic signalling and during neuronal differentiation. The consequences of disruption of the genome architecture on neuronal health will be also discussed.

中文翻译：

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位置，位置，位置：核结构调节神经元中的基因表达。

基因组结构在调节神经系统发育必不可少的基因表达中起着至关重要的作用。在神经元分化过程中，空间和时间调控的转录允许神经元迁移，树突和轴突的生长，以及在后期阶段，突触形成和神经元回路的建立。基因组拓扑和基因座在核内的重定位现在被认为是有助于转录调控的关键因素。在这里，我们审查了支持假说的染色质在细胞核内的动态组织影响基因激活响应外在信号传导和神经元分化的假说的最新工作。还将讨论基因组结构破坏对神经元健康的影响。