AIMS Recent evidence suggests that the opioid system is implicated in the pathophysiology of alcohol use disorder (AUD). We aimed to examine the genetic influence of opioid receptors on susceptibility to AUD and its clinical and psychological characteristics including harmful drinking behavior and various aspects of impulsivity in AUD patients. METHODS Three μ-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) variants and two κ-opioid receptor gene (OPRK1) variants were examined in 314 male patients with AUD and 324 male controls. We applied the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Obsessive Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS), and Alcohol Dependence Scale. AUD patients also completed the stop-signal task, delay discounting task, balloon analogue risk task, and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale version 11 (BIS-11). RESULTS No significant differences in genotype distributions or haplotype frequencies were found between AUD patients and controls. However, OPRK1 SNP rs6473797 was significantly related to the severity of alcohol-related symptoms as measured by AUDIT and OCDS and a haplotype containing rs6473797 was also related to OCDS scores in AUD patients. For other psychological traits, OPRM1 SNP rs495491 was significantly associated with scores on the motor subfactor of the BIS-11. CONCLUSION Genetic variations in opioid receptors may contribute to symptom severity and impulsivity in AUD patients.

中文翻译：

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阿片类药物受体基因多态性与饮酒严重性和冲动相关，与韩国人群的酒精使用障碍有关。

AIMS最近的证据表明，阿片类药物系统与酒精使用障碍（AUD）的病理生理有关。我们旨在检查阿片受体对AUD易感性的遗传影响及其临床和心理特征，包括AUD患者的有害饮酒行为和冲动性的各个方面。方法在314例AUD男性患者和324例男性对照中，检测了3个μ阿片受体基因（OPRM1）和2个κ阿片受体基因（OPRK1）变异。我们应用了酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT），强迫性饮酒量表（OCDS）和酒精依赖量表。AUD患者还完成了停止信号任务，延迟贴现任务，气球模拟风险任务以及Barratt冲动量表11版（BIS-11）。结果在AUD患者和对照组之间没有发现基因型分布或单倍型频率的显着差异。但是，通过AUDIT和OCDS测量，OPRK1 SNP rs6473797与酒精相关症状的严重程度显着相关，而在AUD患者中，包含rs6473797的单倍型也与OCDS评分相关。对于其他心理特征，OPRM1 SNP rs495491与BIS-11的运动亚因子得分显着相关。结论阿片受体的遗传变异可能会导致AUD患者的症状严重程度和冲动。通过AUDIT和OCDS测量，OPRK1 SNP rs6473797与酒精相关症状的严重程度显着相关，而在AUD患者中，包含rs6473797的单倍型也与OCDS评分相关。对于其他心理特征，OPRM1 SNP rs495491与BIS-11的运动亚因子得分显着相关。结论阿片受体的遗传变异可能会导致AUD患者的症状严重程度和冲动。通过AUDIT和OCDS测量，OPRK1 SNP rs6473797与酒精相关症状的严重程度显着相关，而在AUD患者中，包含rs6473797的单倍型也与OCDS评分相关。对于其他心理特征，OPRM1 SNP rs495491与BIS-11的运动亚因子得分显着相关。结论阿片受体的遗传变异可能会导致AUD患者的症状严重程度和冲动。