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The Superficial Face Dissection as an Example for Integrating Clinical Approaches, Authentic Learning, and Changing Perspectives in Anatomy Dissection.
Anatomical Sciences Education ( IF 7.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-04-19 , DOI: 10.1002/ase.1881
Sebastian Cotofana 1, 2 , Nirusha Lachman 3, 4
Affiliation  

Hands‐on dissection‐based learning of anatomy offers an unique and valued experience for medical students. Too often however, the inexperienced student's focus is to avoid damage to unfamiliar structures instead of understanding spatial relationships between structures. This results in unfortunate surrender of a critical learning experience. Additionally, approaches to dissection and anatomic exposure share little alignment to clinical approaches, making it less powerful in clinical applicability. The goal of this viewpoint commentary is based on the experience of the two authors and aims to demonstrate opportunity to introduce clinical approaches for dissection while incorporating relevant anatomical concepts in medical school curriculum that aligns with authentic healthcare practice. Using the dissections of the superficial face as a relevant and current topic of clinical interest, we point out that applying the currently performed dissection approach (medial‐to‐lateral) falls short of providing sufficient knowledge and understanding of the layered arrangement of facial structures. The lateral‐to‐medial approach, as performed in surgical face lifting procedures would offer a better understanding of the layers of the face and especially the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) accounting for the difficulties of facial dissections on embalmed cadavers. This commentary could offer a potential change in paradigm for students and course facilitators for how to maximize the knowledge transfer during facial dissections. It potentially opens a door to rethink dissection‐based learning of anatomy toward techniques and approaches that are aligned to surgical access pathways and thus considered more clinically relevant.

中文翻译:

浅表性面部解剖以整合临床方法,真实学习和解剖解剖中的变化观点为例。

基于动手解剖的解剖学学习为医学生提供了独特而宝贵的体验。然而,缺乏经验的学生常常会着重避免对不熟悉的结构的破坏,而不是了解结构之间的空间关系。这不幸地放弃了关键的学习经历。另外,解剖和解剖暴露的方法与临床方法几乎没有一致性,从而使其在临床应用中的功能减弱。该观点评论的目的是基于两位作者的经验,旨在证明有机会介绍解剖方法,同时将符合解剖学概念的解剖学概念纳入医学院课程,从而与真实的医疗保健实践保持一致。我们将浅表面部解剖作为相关且当前具有临床意义的主题,我们指出,应用当前执行的解剖方法(内侧到外侧)不足以提供足够的知识和对面部结构的分层排列的理解。在外科整容手术中执行的从外侧到内侧的方法可以更好地理解面部各层,尤其是浅表性肌腱膜系统(SMAS),这可以解决对尸体尸体进行防腐处理的困难。该评论可能为学生和课程主持人提供范式的潜在变化,以帮助他们在面部解剖时如何最大程度地传播知识。
更新日期:2019-04-19
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