Neuroimaging Evidence for Right Orbitofrontal Cortex Differences in Adolescents With Emotional and Behavioral Dysregulation.,Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

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Neuroimaging Evidence for Right Orbitofrontal Cortex Differences in Adolescents With Emotional and Behavioral Dysregulation.
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry ( IF 13.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-04-17 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2019.01.021
Philip A Spechler ₁ , Bader Chaarani ₁ , Catherine Orr ₂ , Scott Mackey ₂ , Stephen T Higgins ₁ , Tobias Banaschewski ₃ , Arun L W Bokde ₄ , Uli Bromberg ₅ , Christian Büchel ₅ , Erin Burke Quinlan ₆ , Patricia J Conrod ₇ , Sylvane Desrivières ₆ , Herta Flor ₈ , Vincent Frouin ₉ , Penny Gowland ₁₀ , Andreas Heinz ₁₁ , Bernd Ittermann ₁₂ , Jean-Luc Martinot ₁₃ , Frauke Nees ₃ , Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos ₉ , Luise Poustka ₁₄ , Juliane H Fröhner ₁₅ , Michael N Smolka ₁₅ , Henrik Walter ₁₁ , Robert Whelan ₁₆ , Gunter Schumann ₆ , Hugh Garavan ₁ , Robert R Althoff ₁ ,

Affiliation

University of Vermont, Burlington; Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, University of Vermont, Burlington.
University of Vermont, Burlington.
Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS) and MRC-SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
Universite de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Canada.
Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, France.
Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, UK.
Campus Charité Mitte, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Berlin, Germany.
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging & Psychiatry", University Paris Sud - University Paris Saclay, France.
University Medical Centre Göttingen, Germany, and the Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.
School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.

Objective

To characterize the structural and functional neurobiology of a large group of adolescents exhibiting a behaviorally and emotionally dysregulated phenotype.

Method

Adolescents aged 14 years from the IMAGEN study were investigated. Latent class analysis (LCA) on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to identify a class of individuals with elevated behavioral and emotional difficulties (“dysregulated”; n = 233) who were compared to a matched sample from a low symptom class (controls, n = 233). Whole-brain gray matter volume (GMV) images were compared using a general linear model with 10,000 random label permutations. Regional GMV findings were then probed for functional differences from three functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) tasks. Significant brain features then informed mediation path models linking the likelihood of psychiatric disorders (DSM-IV) with dysregulation.

Results

Whole-brain differences were found in the right orbitofrontal cortex (R.OFC; p < .05; k = 48), with dysregulated individuals exhibiting lower GMV. The dysregulated group also exhibited higher activity in this region during successful inhibitory control (F_1,429 = 7.53, p < .05). Path analyses indicated significant direct effects between the likelihood of psychopathologies and dysregulation. Modeling the R.OFC as a mediator returned modest partial effects, suggesting that the path linking the likelihood of an anxiety or conduct disorder diagnoses to dysregulation is partially explained by this anatomical feature.

Conclusion

A large sample of dysregulated adolescents exhibited lower GMV in the R.OFC relative to controls. Dysregulated individuals also exhibited higher regional activations when exercising inhibitory control at performance levels comparable to those of controls. These findings suggest a neurobiological marker of dysregulation and highlight the role of the R.OFC in impaired emotional and behavioral control.

中文翻译：

情绪和行为失调青少年右眶额皮质差异的神经影像学证据。

客观的

表征一大群表现出行为和情绪失调表型的青少年的结构和功能神经生物学。

方法

对来自 IMAGEN 研究的 14 岁青少年进行了调查。优势和困难问卷 (SDQ) 上的潜在类别分析 (LCA) 用于识别与来自低症状类别的匹配样本进行比较的具有较高行为和情绪困难（“失调”；n = 233）的个体类别（对照，n = 233）。使用具有 10,000 个随机标签排列的一般线性模型比较全脑灰质体积 (GMV) 图像。然后从三个功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 任务中探索区域 GMV 发现的功能差异。然后，显着的大脑特征为将精神疾病 ( DSM-IV )的可能性与失调联系起来的中介路径模型提供了依据。

结果

在右眶额皮质 (R.OFC; p < .05; k = 48)发现全脑差异，失调的个体表现出较低的 GMV。在成功抑制控制期间，失调组在该区域也表现出更高的活性 ( F _1,429 = 7.53, p < .05)。路径分析表明精神病理学的可能性和失调之间存在显着的直接影响。将 R.OFC 建模为中介返回了适度的部分效应，这表明将焦虑或品行障碍诊断的可能性与失调联系起来的路径部分地由这种解剖特征解释。