Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Cytokine-targeted therapies have transformed the treatment of IBD, providing control of symptoms and longer relapse-free periods. However, many patients fail to respond, highlighting the need for therapies tailored to the underlying cell and molecular disease drivers. Here we discuss the progression of IBD from the perspective of remodeling of cytokine networks. We place well-established and under-studied cytokine modules in the context of cellular interactions, their dynamic regulation in early and late stages of disease (i.e., fibrosis), and their current and potential use in the clinic. Examining how particular cytokine networks drive distinct features and phases of IBD will shed light on the etiology of IBD and provide a basis for more effective treatments.

炎性肠病（IBD）是胃肠道的慢性炎性疾病。细胞因子靶向疗法已改变了IBD的治疗方法，可控制症状并延长无复发时间。但是，许多患者未能做出反应，这突出表明需要针对潜在的细胞和分子疾病驱动因素量身定制的疗法。在这里，我们从细胞因子网络重塑的角度讨论了IBD的进展。我们在细胞相互作用，其在疾病早期和晚期（即纤维化）的动态调节以及它们在临床中的当前和潜在用途的背景下，放置了已建立且研究不足的细胞因子模块。