Abstract Transport properties provide important access to a solid’s quasiparticles, such as quasiparticle density, mobility, and scattering. The transport of heat can be particularly revealing because, in principle, all types of excitations in a solid may contribute. Heat transport is well understood for phonons and electrons, but relatively little is known about heat transported by magnetic excitations. However, during the last about two decades, the magnetic heat transport attracted increasing attention after the discovery of large and unusual signatures of it in low-dimensional quantum magnetic cuprate materials. Today it constitutes an important probe to otherwise often elusive, topological quasiparticles in a broader class of quantum magnets. This review summarizes the experimental foundation of this research, i.e. the state of the art for the magnetic heat transport in the mentioned cuprate materials which host prototypical low-dimensional antiferromagnetic S = 1 ∕ 2 Heisenberg models. These comprise, in particular, the two-dimensional square lattice, and one-dimensional spin chain and two-leg ladder spin models. It is shown, how studying the heat transport provides direct access to the thermal occupation and the scattering of the already quite exotic quasiparticles of these models which range from spin-1 spin wave and triplon excitations to fractionalized spin-1/2 spinons. Remarkable transport properties of these quasiparticles have been revealed: the spin-heat transport often is highly efficient and in some cases even ballistic, in agreement with theoretical predictions.

中文翻译：

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具有强交换耦合的铜酸盐基低维量子磁体的热传输

摘要 传输属性提供了获取固体准粒子的重要途径，例如准粒子密度、迁移率和散射。热量的传输可能特别具有启发性，因为原则上，固体中的所有类型的激发都可能有所贡献。声子和电子的热传输是众所周知的，但对磁激发传输的热知之甚少。然而，在过去的大约 20 年中，在低维量子磁性铜酸盐材料中发现了大量不寻常的特征后，磁热传输引起了越来越多的关注。今天，它构成了对更广泛的量子磁体中通常难以捉摸的拓扑准粒子的重要探测。本综述总结了本研究的实验基础，即 所提到的铜酸盐材料中磁性热传输的最新技术，这些材料具有原型低维反铁磁 S = 1 ∕ 2 海森堡模型。这些特别包括二维方形晶格、一维自旋链和两腿梯形自旋模型。它显示了研究热传输如何提供直接访问热占据和这些模型已经非常奇特的准粒子的散射，这些准粒子的范围从自旋 1 自旋波和三重粒子激发到分数化自旋 1/2 自旋子。这些准粒子的显着传输特性已被揭示：自旋热传输通常是高效的，在某些情况下甚至是弹道的，与理论预测一致。