Circadian rhythms have developed in all light-sensitive organisms, including humans, as a fundamental anticipatory mechanism that enables proactive adaptation to environmental changes. The circadian system is organized in a highly hierarchical manner, with clocks operative in most cells of the body ensuring the temporal coordination of physiological processes. Circadian misalignment, stemming from modern life style, draws increasing attention due to its tight association with the development of metabolic, cardiovascular, inflammatory and mental diseases as well as cancer. This review highlights recent findings emphasizing the role of the circadian system in the temporal orchestration of physiology, with a particular focus on implications of circadian misalignment in human pathologies.

中文翻译：

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有节奏的重要性：与您的生物钟和谐相处。

昼夜节律已在包括人类在内的所有光敏生物体中发展，作为一种基本的预期机制，可以主动适应环境变化。昼夜节律系统以高度分层的方式组织，在人体大多数细胞中运作的时钟确保了生理过程的时间协调。由于现代生活方式引起的昼夜节律紊乱与代谢，心血管，炎性和精神疾病以及癌症的发展密切相关，因此引起越来越多的关注。这篇综述强调了最近的发现，强调了昼夜节律系统在生理时间编排中的作用，特别关注了昼夜节律失调对人类病理的影响。