The sporulation process of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves morphological changes, which is a complex and interesting process in yeast biology. However, efficient methods to accurately study protein dynamic behaviors in the sporulation process are still lacking because the cell behaviors are quite heterogeneous. In this study, we proposed the use of an air-enriched microfluidic system to investigate protein dynamics during sporulation of the budding yeast S. cerevisiae within single cells. Our results verified that the air-enriched microenvironment was important for the yeast sporulation process in the microfluidic system. Furthermore, we found that the sporulation temporal stage of different cells varied immensely, indicating that single-cell analysis instead of statistical analysis of a population was necessary to verify the accuracy of protein dynamics. In addition, we developed a ‘data synchronization’ approach. This approach aligned each cell on a time line according to its own morphological changes. Using these methods, we obtained the dynamic performance of six proteins involved in the yeast sporulation process with single cells.

中文翻译：

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富空气微流体装置中单细胞水平上芽殖酵母孢子形成过程的蛋白质动态分析


芽殖酵母酿酒酵母的孢子形成过程涉及形态变化，这是酵母生物学中一个复杂而有趣的过程。然而，由于细胞行为相当异质，仍然缺乏准确研究孢子形成过程中蛋白质动态行为的有效方法。在这项研究中，我们建议使用富含空气的微流体系统来研究单细胞内芽殖酵母酿酒酵母孢子形成过程中的蛋白质动力学。我们的结果证实，富含空气的微环境对于微流体系统中酵母孢子形成过程非常重要。此外，我们发现不同细胞的孢子形成时间阶段差异很大，这表明需要单细胞分析而不是群体的统计分析来验证蛋白质动力学的准确性。此外，我们还开发了一种“数据同步”方法。这种方法根据每个细胞自身的形态变化在时间线上对齐每个细胞。利用这些方法，我们获得了单细胞酵母孢子形成过程中涉及的六种蛋白质的动态性能。