The goal of this paper is to assess the effects of particle and specific gravity characteristics (e.g. shape, size, and specific gravity) on the limiting void ratios e_max and e_min of granular matter. To assess the effect of specific gravity, two different types of materials—glass beads and natural sands—were used. Particle characteristics such as roundness (R), sphericity (S) regularity (ρ), the average of R and S, were calculated through image analysis techniques after obtaining high-quality microscope images of individual grains. The German DIN standards were strictly followed to determine the extremities of the void ratio. Experimental data were used to investigate the effects of the particle characteristics on the relative density of soils. The results show the significant effect of the mean grain size (D₅₀) on the extreme void ratios of poorly graded glass as well as the significant effect of C_u but negligible effect of D₅₀ on the extreme void ratios of sand. The effect of the specific gravity of the materials was also examined. The results were used to develop models dependent on both particle shape and specific gravity, which were validated by comparison with results of previous studies.

本文的目的是评估颗粒和比重特性（例如形状，大小和比重）对颗粒物的极限空隙率e _max和e _min的影响。为了评估比重的影响，使用了两种不同类型的材料-玻璃珠和天然沙子-。颗粒特性，例如圆度（R），球形度（S）规律性（ρ），R和S的平均值通过获得单个晶粒的高质量显微镜图像后，通过图像分析技术计算出，。严格遵循德国DIN标准来确定空隙率的极限值。实验数据用于研究颗粒特征对土壤相对密度的影响。结果表明，平均晶粒度（D ₅₀）对不良品级玻璃的极限孔隙率有显着影响，而C _u的显着影响但D _50的影响可忽略不计在沙子的极限孔隙率上。还检查了材料的比重的影响。结果被用于开发依赖于颗粒形状和比重的模型，并通过与先前研究结果的比较进行了验证。