Yersinia pestis and plague: an updated view on evolution, virulence determinants, immune subversion, vaccination, and diagnostics.,Genes and Immunity

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Yersinia pestis and plague: an updated view on evolution, virulence determinants, immune subversion, vaccination, and diagnostics.
Genes and Immunity ( IF 5.0 ) Pub Date : 2019-04-03 , DOI: 10.1038/s41435-019-0065-0
Christian E Demeure ₁ , Olivier Dussurget _{1,

2} , Guillem Mas Fiol _{1,

2} , Anne-Sophie Le Guern _{1,

3,

4} , Cyril Savin _{1,

3,

4} , Javier Pizarro-Cerdá _{1,

3,

4}

Affiliation

Plague is a vector-borne disease caused by Yersinia pestis. Transmitted by fleas from rodent reservoirs, Y. pestis emerged <6000 years ago from an enteric bacterial ancestor through events of gene gain and genome reduction. It is a highly remarkable model for the understanding of pathogenic bacteria evolution, and a major concern for public health as highlighted by recent human outbreaks. A complex set of virulence determinants, including the Yersinia outer-membrane proteins (Yops), the broad-range protease Pla, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), and iron capture systems play critical roles in the molecular strategies that Y. pestis employs to subvert the human immune system, allowing unrestricted bacterial replication in lymph nodes (bubonic plague) and in lungs (pneumonic plague). Some of these immunogenic proteins as well as the capsular antigen F1 are exploited for diagnostic purposes, which are critical in the context of the rapid onset of death in the absence of antibiotic treatment (less than a week for bubonic plague and <48 h for pneumonic plague). Here, we review recent research advances on Y. pestis evolution, virulence factor function, bacterial strategies to subvert mammalian innate immune responses, vaccination, and problems associated with pneumonic plague diagnosis.

中文翻译：

鼠疫耶尔森菌和鼠疫：关于进化，毒力决定因素，免疫颠覆，疫苗接种和诊断的最新观点。

鼠疫是由鼠疫耶尔森氏菌引起的媒介传播疾病。鼠疫耶尔森氏菌是由啮齿动物储藏室的跳蚤传播的，距今已有6000多年的历史了，它是从肠道细菌祖先通过基因获取和基因组减少而出现的。这是了解病原细菌进化的非常了不起的模型，也是最近人类爆发引起的对公共健康的主要关注。一系列复杂的毒力决定因素，包括耶尔森氏菌外膜蛋白（Yops），大范围蛋白酶Pla，病原体相关分子模式（PAMP）和铁捕获系统，在鼠疫耶尔森氏菌采用的分子策略中起着至关重要的作用。破坏人体免疫系统，使细菌在淋巴结（肺鼠疫）和肺部（肺鼠疫）中不受限制地复制。这些免疫原性蛋白质中的一些以及荚膜抗原F1被用于诊断目的，这对于在没有抗生素治疗的情况下快速死亡（对于鼠疫少于一周，对于肺炎少于48小时）而言至关重要。瘟疫）。在这里，我们回顾了有关鼠疫耶尔森氏菌进化，毒力因子功能，颠覆哺乳动物先天免疫反应，疫苗接种以及肺炎鼠疫诊断相关问题的细菌策略的最新研究进展。

更新日期：2019-04-03

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