Multiple global environmental changes (GECs) now under way, including climate change, biodiversity loss, freshwater depletion, tropical deforestation, overexploitation of fisheries, ocean acidification, and soil degradation, have substantial, but still imperfectly understood, implications for human health. Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) make a major contribution to the global burden of disease. Many of the driving forces responsible for GEC also influence NCD risk through a range of mechanisms. This article provides an overview of pathways linking GEC and NCDs, focusing on five pathways: ( a) energy, air pollution, and climate change; ( b) urbanization; ( c) food, nutrition, and agriculture; ( d) the deposition of persistent chemicals in the environment; and ( e) biodiversity loss.

中文翻译：

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全球环境变化和非传染性疾病风险。

目前正在发生多种全球环境变化，包括气候变化，生物多样性丧失，淡水消耗，热带森林砍伐，渔业过度开发，海洋酸化和土壤退化，对人类健康具有重大但尚未完全理解的影响。非传染性疾病（NCD）对全球疾病负担做出了重大贡献。GEC的许多驱动力也通过一系列机制影响非传染性疾病的风险。本文概述了联系GEC和NCD的途径，重点介绍了五个途径：（a）能源，空气污染和气候变化；（b）城市化；（c）粮食，营养和农业；（d）持久性化学物质在环境中的沉积；（e）生物多样性的丧失。