Realist synthesis is a literature review methodology for understanding how, for whom, and under what circumstances complex interventions function in complex environments. Using a heuristic called the context-mechanism-outcome (CMO) configuration, realist synthesis produces evidence-informed theories about the interactions between intervention mechanisms and their implementation contexts. Public health interventions and their effects unfold over time and develop differently in different contexts. Much of what causes programs to function remains in a realm beyond empirical measurement. By scrutinizing the theories relevant to the interventions of interest, and by enhancing the conceptualization of complex outcomes, the realist approach deprioritizes evidence hierarchies and harnesses insights from diverse data sources to generate causal understanding. The dynamic learning process that can arise in conducting a realist synthesis may generate new ideas for program development and innovation apart from what can be achieved in reviews providing a summation and aggregation of quantified evidence.

中文翻译：

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公共卫生的现实主义综合：建立对程序如何工作，针对谁以及在何种上下文中的本体上的深刻理解。

现实主义者的综合是一种文献综述方法，用于了解复杂干预在复杂环境中如何，针对谁以及在什么情况下起作用。通过使用一种称为上下文机制结果（CMO）配置的启发式方法，现实主义综合可以得出有关干预机制及其实现上下文之间相互作用的有据可依的理论。随着时间的推移，公共卫生干预措施及其效果不断发展，并在不同情况下有所不同。导致程序运行的大部分原因都超出了经验度量范围。通过仔细研究与感兴趣的干预措施有关的理论，并加强复杂结果的概念化，现实主义方法降低了证据层次的优先级，并利用来自各种数据源的见解来产生因果关系。在进行现实主义综合时可能出现的动态学习过程可能会为程序开发和创新产生新的思路，除了提供量化证据的汇总和汇总的审阅可以实现的思路之外。