Matrix‐assisted ionization (MAI) mass spectrometry does not require voltages, a laser beam, or added heat to initiate ionization, but it is strongly dependent on the choice of matrix and the vacuum conditions. High charge state distributions of nonvolatile analyte ions produced by MAI suggest that the ionization mechanism may be similar to that of electrospray ionization (ESI), but different from matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI). While significant information is available for MAI using mass spectrometers operating at atmospheric and intermediate pressure, little is known about the mechanism at high vacuum.

中文翻译：

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利用质谱实验和理论了解基质辅助电离的电离机理

基质辅助电离（MAI）质谱不需要电压，激光束或增加的热量即可引发电离，但它在很大程度上取决于基质的选择和真空条件。MAI产生的非挥发性分析物离子的高电荷态分布表明，电离机理可能与电喷雾电离（ESI）相似，但不同于基质辅助激光解吸/电离（MALDI）。尽管使用在大气压和中压下运行的质谱仪可以获得有关MAI的重要信息，但对于在高真空下的机理知之甚少。