Peptidomics and glycomics are recently established disciplines enabling researchers to characterize functional characteristics of foods at a molecular level. Milk-derived bioactive peptides and oligosaccharides have garnered both scientific and commercial interest because they possess unique functional properties, such as anti-hypertensive, immunomodulatory and prebiotic activities; therefore, the objective of this work was to employ peptidomic and glycomic tools to identify and measure relative and absolute quantities of peptides and oligosaccharides in widely consumed dairy products. Specifically, we identified up to 2117 unique peptides in 10 commercial dairy products, which together represent the most comprehensive peptidomic profiling of dairy milk in the literature to date. The quantity of peptides, measured by ion-exchange chromatography, varied between 60 and 130 mg/L among the same set of dairy products, which the majority originated from caseins, and the remaining from whey proteins. A recently published bioactive peptide database was used to identify 66 unique bioactive peptides in the dataset. In addition, 24 unique oligosaccharide compositions were identified in all the samples by nano LC Chip QTOF. Neutral oligosaccharides were the most abundant class in all samples (66–91.3%), followed by acidic (8.6–33.7%), and fucosylated oligosaccharides (0–4.6%). Variation of total oligosaccharide concentration ranged from a high of 65.78 to a low of 24.82 mg/L. Importantly, characterizing bioactive peptides and oligosaccharides in a wider number of dairy products may lead to innovations that go beyond the traditional vision of dairy components used for nutritional purposes but that will rather focus on improving human health.

肽组学和糖组学是最近建立的学科，使研究人员能够在分子水平上表征食品的功能特征。牛奶来源的生物活性肽和寡糖具有独特的功能特性，例如抗高血压，免疫调节和益生元活性，因此受到了科学和商业的关注。因此，这项工作的目的是采用肽组学和糖组学工具来鉴定和测量广泛消费的乳制品中肽和寡糖的相对和绝对量。具体而言，我们在10种商业乳制品中鉴定出多达2117种独特的肽，它们共同代表了迄今为止文献中最全面的乳制品肽谱分析。通过离子交换色谱法测得的肽量 同一套乳制品之间的差异在60到130 mg / L之间，其中大多数源自酪蛋白，其余源自乳清蛋白。最近发布的生物活性肽数据库用于识别数据集中的66种独特的生物活性肽。此外，通过纳米LC芯片QTOF在所有样品中鉴定出24种独特的寡糖成分。中性寡糖是所有样品中含量最高的类别（66–91.3％），其次是酸性（8.6–33.7％）和岩藻糖基化寡糖（0–4.6％）。总低聚糖浓度的变化范围从高至65.78到低至24.82 mg / L。重要的，