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Human Fis1 regulates mitochondrial dynamics through inhibition of the fusion machinery.
The EMBO Journal ( IF 9.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-03-06 , DOI: 10.15252/embj.201899748
Rong Yu 1 , Shao-Bo Jin 2 , Urban Lendahl 2 , Monica Nistér 3 , Jian Zhao 3
Affiliation  

Mitochondrial dynamics is important for life. At center stage for mitochondrial dynamics, the balance between mitochondrial fission and fusion is a set of dynamin-related GTPases that drive mitochondrial fission and fusion. Fission is executed by the GTPases Drp1 and Dyn2, whereas the GTPases Mfn1, Mfn2, and OPA1 promote fusion. Recruitment of Drp1 to mitochondria is a critical step in fission. In yeast, Fis1p recruits the Drp1 homolog Dnm1p to mitochondria through Mdv1p and Caf4p, but whether human Fis1 (hFis1) promotes fission through a similar mechanism as in yeast is not established. Here, we show that hFis1-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation occurs in the absence of Drp1 and Dyn2, suggesting that they are dispensable for hFis1 function. hFis1 instead binds to Mfn1, Mfn2, and OPA1 and inhibits their GTPase activity, thus blocking the fusion machinery. Consistent with this, disruption of the fusion machinery in Drp1-/- cells phenocopies the fragmentation phenotype induced by hFis1 overexpression. In sum, our data suggest a novel role for hFis1 as an inhibitor of the fusion machinery, revealing an important functional evolutionary divergence between yeast and mammalian Fis1 proteins.

中文翻译:


人类 Fis1 通过抑制融合机制来调节线粒体动力学。



线粒体动力学对生命很重要。在线粒体动力学的中心阶段,线粒体裂变和融合之间的平衡是一组驱动线粒体裂变和融合的动力相关 GTP 酶。裂变由 GTPases Drp1 和 Dyn2 执行,而 GTPases Mfn1、Mfn2 和 OPA1 则促进融合。 Drp1 募集至线粒体是裂变的关键步骤。在酵母中,Fis1p 通过 Mdv1p 和 Caf4p 将 Drp1 同源物 Dnm1p 招募到线粒体,但人类 Fis1 (hFis1) 是否通过与酵母中类似的机制促进裂变尚不清楚。在这里,我们证明 hFis1 介导的线粒体断裂发生在 Drp1 和 Dyn2 不存在的情况下,这表明它们对于 hFis1 功能来说是可有可无的。相反,hFis1 与 Mfn1、Mfn2 和 OPA1 结合并抑制它们的 GTP 酶活性,从而阻断融合机制。与此一致的是,Drp1-/- 细胞中融合机制的破坏复制了 hFis1 过表达诱导的断裂表型。总之,我们的数据表明 hFis1 作为融合机制抑制剂的新作用,揭示了酵母和哺乳动物 Fis1 蛋白之间重要的功能进化差异。
更新日期:2020-03-19
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