The majority of polymers are electrical and thermal insulators. In order to create electrically active and thermally conductive polymers and composites, the hybrid-filler systems is an effective approach, i.e. combining different types of fillers with different dimensions, in order to facilitate the formation of interconnected conducting networks and to enhance the electrical, thermal, mechanical and processing properties synergistically. By tailoring polymer-filler interactions both thermodynamically and kinetically, the selective localisation of fillers in polymer blends and at the interface of co-continuous polymer blends can enhance the electrical conductivity at a low percolation threshold. Moreover, selective localisation of different filler types in different co-continuous phases can result in multiple functionalities, such as high electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity or electromagnetic interference shielding. In this review, we discuss the latest progress towards the development of electrically active and thermally conductive polymer composites, and highlight the technical challenges and future research directions..

中文翻译：

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量身定制多组分和多相聚合物复合材料的电导率和导热率

大多数聚合物是电绝缘体和热绝缘体。为了产生具有电活性和导热性的聚合物和复合材料，混合填料系统是一种有效的方法，即将具有不同尺寸的不同类型的填料结合在一起，以便于形成相互连接的导电网络并增强电，热，机械和加工性能协同增效。通过在热力学和动力学上调整聚合物-填料的相互作用，填料在聚合物共混物中以及在共连续聚合物共混物的界面处的选择性定位可以在低渗透阈值下提高电导率。此外，不同填料类型在不同共连续相中的选择性定位可能会导致多种功能，例如高电导率，热导率或电磁干扰屏蔽。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了电活性和导热聚合物复合材料开发的最新进展，并重点介绍了技术挑战和未来的研究方向。