In the concept of deep geological repository for High Level Wastes, the chemical elements present in the media are expected to impact the long-term behavior of the glass. The effects of Ca, K, and Cs on International Simple Glass glass alteration are compared through long-term experiments (180–500 days). These elements limit glass alteration by their incorporation into the gel layer. The limiting mechanisms driving glass alteration appear to be mainly diffusive, at least during the first six months. The three cations are not equally efficient in limiting glass alteration: the effects of Ca are stronger than those of Cs and K. Multi-element experiments show that the effects of these elements are additive and proportional to the quantity of each element incorporated. When they play the role of charge compensator in the gel network, their incorporation is competitive and follows the order Ca ≫ Cs > K. In addition, when Ca is added to the solution in excess, the quantity of elements incorporated into the gel layer is higher than the amount required for charge compensation. The incorporation of Ca in the gel nanopores as calcium carbonate could explain this phenomenon. These processes could slow the transport phenomena through the gel and enhance its protective properties.

在高放废物的深层地质处置库的概念中，预计介质中存在的化学元素会影响玻璃的长期性能。通过长期实验（180-500天）比较了Ca，K和Cs对International Simple Glass玻璃蚀变的影响。这些元素通过结合到凝胶层中来限制玻璃的变化。至少在最初的六个月内，限制玻璃变化的限制机制似乎主要是扩散性的。这三种阳离子在限制玻璃变化方面的效率不同：Ca的作用要强于Cs和K的作用。多元素实验表明，这些元素的作用是加和的，并且与所掺入的每种元素的数量成正比。当他们在凝胶网络中扮演电荷补偿器的角色时，≫ Cs>K。另外，当将Ca过量添加到溶液中时，结合到凝胶层中的元素的数量高于电荷补偿所需的数量。Ca在凝胶纳米孔中作为碳酸钙的掺入可以解释这种现象。这些过程可以减慢通过凝胶的运输现象并增强其保护性能。