Decision-making has many different definitions and is measured in varied ways using neuropsychological tasks. Offenders with mental disorder habitually make disadvantageous decisions, but no study has systematically appraised the literature. This review aimed to clarify the field by bringing together different neuropsychological measures of decision-making, and using meta-analysis and systematic review to explore the performance of offenders with mental disorders on neuropsychological tasks of decision-making. A structured search of PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Medline, Cinahl was conducted with additional hand searching and grey literature consulted. Controlled studies of decision-making in offenders with evidence of any mental disorder, including a validated measure of decision-making were included. Total score on each relevant decision-making task was collated. Twenty-three studies met inclusion criteria (n = 1820), and 10 studies (with 15 experiments) were entered into the meta-analysis (n = 841). All studies included in the meta-analysis used the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) to measure decision-making. Systematic review findings from individual studies showed violent offenders made poorer decisions than matched offender groups or controls. An omnibus meta-analysis was computed to examine performance on IGT in offenders with mental disorder compared with controls. Additionally, two sub-group meta-analyses were computed for studies involving offenders with personality disorder and psychopathy, and recidivists who were convicted of Driving While Intoxicated (DWI). Individual studies not included in the meta-analysis partially supported the view that offenders make poorer decisions. However, the meta-analyses showed no significant differences in performance on IGT between the offender groups and controls. Further research is required to ascertain whether offenders with mental disorder have difficulty in making advantageous decisions. An analysis of cause and effect and various directions for future work are recommended to help understand the underpinning of these findings. Trial Registration: CRD42018088402.

中文翻译：

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对患有精神疾病的犯罪人群进行决策的系统回顾和荟萃分析。

决策具有许多不同的定义，并且可以使用神经心理学任务以各种方式对其进行衡量。患有精神疾病的罪犯习惯上会做出不利的决定，但是没有研究对文献进行系统的评估。这篇综述旨在通过汇集不同的决策神经心理学方法，并使用荟萃分析和系统的综述来探讨精神障碍罪犯在决策神经心理学任务中的表现，从而澄清这一领域。对PubMed，Embase，PsycINFO，Medline，Cinahl进行了结构化搜索，并进行了额外的手工搜索并参考了灰色文献。包括有任何精神障碍证据的对犯罪者决策的对照研究，包括经过验证的决策方法。整理了每个相关决策任务的总分。23项研究符合纳入标准（n  = 1820），并且将10项研究（包括15项实验）输入到荟萃分析中（n = 841）。荟萃分析中包括的所有研究均使用爱荷华州赌博任务（IGT）来衡量决策。个别研究的系统评价结果显示，暴力犯罪者的决策要比相匹配的犯罪群体或控制者差。计算了一项综合荟萃分析，以检查与对照组相比患有精神障碍的罪犯对IGT的表现。此外，针对涉及人格障碍和精神病的犯罪者以及被判酒后驾车（DWI）被定罪的累犯，进行了两项亚组荟萃分析。荟萃分析中未包括的个别研究部分支持了罪犯做出较差决定的观点。但是，荟萃分析显示，罪犯组和对照组之间在IGT表现方面无显着差异。需要进一步研究以确定患有精神疾病的罪犯是否难以做出有利的决定。建议对因果关系和未来工作的各个方向进行分析，以帮助理解这些发现的基础。试用注册：CRD42018088402。