The article describes the field of sustainability transitions research, which emerged in the past two decades in the context of a growing scientific and public interest in large-scale societal transformation toward sustainability. We describe how different scientific approaches and methodological positions explore diverse types of transitions and provide the basis for multiple theories and models for governance of sustainability transitions. We distinguish three perspectives in studying transitions: socio-technical, socio-institutional, and socio-ecological. Although the field as a whole is very heterogeneous, commonalities can be characterized in notions such as path dependencies, regimes, niches, experiments, and governance. These more generic concepts have been adopted within the analytical perspective of transitions, which has led three different types of approaches to dealing with agency in transitions: analytical, evaluative, and experimental. The field has by now produced a broad theoretical and em...

中文翻译：

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可持续性转型研究：为社会变革转变科学和实践

本文描述了可持续性转型研究领域，该领域出现在过去二十年中，科学和公众对大规模社会向可持续性转型的兴趣日益浓厚。我们描述了不同的科学方法和方法论立场如何探索不同类型的转型，并为可持续转型治理的多种理论和模型提供基础。我们在研究转型时区分了三个视角：社会技术、社会制度和社会生态。尽管该领域作为一个整体非常多样化，但可以通过路径依赖、制度、利基、实验和治理等概念来表征共性。这些更通用的概念已在转换的分析视角内被采用，这导致了三种不同类型的方法来处理转型中的代理：分析的、评估的和实验的。到目前为止，该领域已经产生了广泛的理论和仿真...