The integration of microreactor and ultrasound represents an emerging area for process intensification and has attracted considerable attention in recent years. One of the most important meso-scientific issues in ultrasound techniques is acoustic cavitation, which plays a vital role in the macroscopic performance of an ultrasonic microreactor. In this review, we first briefly summarize the latest research on acoustic cavitation phenomena in microreactors. The effects of channel configuration, solvent properties, and ultrasound parameters are systematically reviewed. In addition, the role of acoustic cavitation in various chemical processes (e.g., mixing, absorption, emulsification, and particle synthesis) is presented from a mesoscale perspective, which in turn provides guidance for ultrasound applications. A thorough understanding of the ultrasound intensification mechanism will contribute to the future development of this promising technology.

微反应器和超声的集成代表了过程强化的新兴领域，并且近年来引起了相当大的关注。超声技术中最重要的中观科学问题之一是声空化，它在超声微反应器的宏观性能中起着至关重要的作用。在这篇综述中，我们首先简要总结了微反应器中声空化现象的最新研究。系统地审查了通道配置，溶剂性质和超声参数的影响。此外，从中尺度角度介绍了声空化在各种化学过程（例如，混合，吸收，乳化和颗粒合成）中的作用，这反过来为超声应用提供了指导。